Chapter 3-6 Flashcards
What is the primary purpose of the movements of the shoulder girdle
Helps the shoulder joint move by moving itself to better accommodate the shoulder joint
Define Shoulder Girdle?
The articulation of the clavicle and scapula
Define Shoulder Joint?
The articulation of the humerus and scapula (glenohumeral)
What does the coracoclavicular do?
It’s the articulation between internal acromial end of the clavicle and the coracoid
What does the sternoclavicular joint do?
What is the Costoclavicular ligament?
Sternal end of the clavical
What is the Interclavicular ligament?
Sternal end of both clavicles into the manubrium
What are the four fundamental movements in the shoulder girdle?
Elevation, Depression, adduction, abduction
How are these movements defined?
What are the anterior muscles of the shoulder girdle
Pectoralis Minor,____, and Subclavius
What is the Origin, Inserts, and Action of the pectoralis minor?
What is the Origin, Inserts, and Action of the
What is the Origin, Inserts, and Action of the Subclavius
What are the superior muscles of the shoulder girdle?
Levator Scapula, Rhomboids, and Trapezius
What is the Origin, Inserts, and Action of the Levator Scapula?
What is the Origin, Inserts, and Action of the Rhomboids
What is the Origin, Inserts, and Action of the trapezius?
What are the six fundamental movements of the shoulder joint
Flexion, abduction, adduction, internal rotation, external rotation, and extension
What are two other potential movements can the shoulder joint do?
Circumduction and Hypertension
What are the anterior muscles of the shoulder Joint?
Pectoralis major, Coracobrachialis,Bicep Brachii, and Subscapularis
What is the Origin, Inserts, and Action of the Pectoralis Major?
What is the Origin, Inserts, and Action of the coracobrachialis
What is the Origin, Inserts, and Action of the bicep brachii
What is the Origin, Inserts, and Action of the subscapularis?
What are the superior muscles of the shoulder joint?
Deltoid and Supraspinatus
What is the Origin, Inserts, and Action of the deltoids?
What is the Origin, Inserts, and Action of the Supraspinatus?
What are the posterior muscles of shoulder joint?
Infraspinatus and Teres minor
What is the Origin, Inserts, and Action of the Infraspinatus?
What is the Origin, Inserts, and Action of the Teres Minor
What are the inferior muscles of the shoulder joint
Latissimus Dorsi, Pectoralis Major, Triceps Brachii
What is the Origin, Inserts, and Action of the Latissimus Dorsi?
What is the Origin, Inserts, and Action of the Triceps Brachii
What are the rotator muscles
Subscapularis, Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, and Teres Minor
How do the shoulder girdle and the shoulder joint work together to attain maximal range of motion?
What are the bones in the elbow?
Humerus, Ulna, and radius
What does the trochlea (humerus) and olecranon process (ulna) create?
Uniaxial Flexion and Extention
What is the true elbow joint named?
Radiohumeral
What is the ligament/ membrane that distributes pressure between the radius and ulna?
Interosseous Membrane
What are the four joints in the elbow?
Radiohumeral, ulnohumeral, proximal radioulnar, and distal radioulnar
What does the ulna and humerus make up?
The elbow joint?
What does fossa mean?
Depression
What movement does the coronoid fossa (humerus) and the coronoid process of the ulna make?
Flexion
What movement does Radial Fossa and the head of radius make?
Flexion
What movement does Capitulum and head of radius make?
rotation of the forearm
What movement does trochlea and the olecranon process of ulna make?
Flexion
What movement does olecranon fossa and olecranon process make?
Extention
The ___ has the prominent role of articulating with the ____.
Ulna, Humerus
The___ plays more a prominent role of articulating with the bones of the wrist.
Radius
What is the proximal end of the radius?
Radial Head, Radial Neck, and Radial tuberosity
What is the distal end of the radius?
Radial styloid process
What does the Radial and Ulna bones connect to?
Wrist (Lateral) and Elbow (Medial)
What is the another name for the radial styloid process?
Lateral Styloid Process
What is the medial aspect of distal end?
Ulnar Notch
The ulna has the ___ process which contains ___ that rotates about the trochlea of the humerus to form ____ between the humerus and the ____.
Olecranon, trochlear notch, articulation, ulna
A smaller prominence is the ___ which is lateral to the ______
Coronoid Process, Radial Notch
The head of the _____ articulates with the ulna at the _____ notch
Radius, Radial
The ulnar styloid process can also be called?
Medial Styloid Process
What joints make up the elbow?
Ulnohumeral Joint, Radiohumeral Joint, and Proximal Radioulnar joint
What ligament surrounds the elbow joints?
Capsular Ligament
What are two ligaments that fuse with the anterior portion of the Capsularis?
Radio Collateral and Ulnar Collateral
What does anterior ligament do in the joints and ligaments of the arm?
Extends from anterior surface of the humerus and is proximal to the coronoid fossa
Does the transverse band cross the elbow joint?
NO
What does the posterior ligaments do in the joints and ligaments of the arm?
Attaches to tendons of surface of olecranon, lateral epicondyle and posterior surface of the humerus
What does the distal ligaments do in the joints and ligaments of the arm?
Attaches to lateral and superior edges of olecranon process, posterior aspect of annular ligament, and posterior to radial notch of the ulna
Proximal Radioulnar joint is between the bones of the ____ and the radial notch of the ____
Forearm (Head of Radius), Ulna
Annular Ligament forms rings around _______
head of radius
What is the function of the interosseous ligament/membrane?
It distributes pressure between radius and ulna
What is the function of the oblique cord?
It prevents separation of Ulna and Radius
What might happen if you spin a kid around from their arms in the air?
They could possibly dislocate their joints by stretching out the ligaments
What is not uncommon to break, will cause a deformed S, and will not separate because of the interosseous membrane?
The ulna and radius
What does the distal radioulnar joint do?
It rotates around the ulna and radius
What are the two ligaments around the radioulnar joint?
Dorsal Radioulnar (top side) and Volar Radioulnar (bottom side)
What are the Anterior elbow joint muscles?
Brachialis, Brachioradialis, Biceps Brachii
What is the origin, insert, and action of the Brachialis?
Origin: Middle anterior of Humerus.
Insert: Coronoid Process of ulna
Action: Flexion
What is the origin, insert, and action of the Brachioradialis
Origin: Lateral Epicondyle of humerus
Insert: Radical Styloid Process
Action: Flexion
What is the origin, insert, and action of the Biceps Brachi?
Origin: Supraglenoid of Superior edge of scapglenoid
Insert: Radial Tuberosity
Action: Flexion and supination of forearm
What is the posterior elbow joint muscles?
Triceps Brachii and Anconeus
What is the movement of posterior elbow muscles?
Extention
What is the origin, insert, and action of the Triceps Brachii?
Origin:
Insert:
Action:Extention
What is the origin, insert, and action of the Anconeus?
Origin: Lateral Epicondyle of Humerus
Insert: Olecranon Process of Ulna
Action: Extentsion
What are the muscles of the Forearm?
Pronator Teres, Pronator Quadrants, Supinator, Bicep Brachii
What is the origin, insert, and action of the Pronator Teres?
Origin:Coronoid Process of ulna
Insert: lateral surface of rds
Action:pronates fore arm
What is the origin, insert, and action of the Pronator Quadrants?
Origin: Radius
Insert:Ulna
Action: Pronation of Forearm
What is the origin, insert, and action of the Supinator?
Origin: Ulna
Insert:Radius
Action:Supination of forearm
What does the pronator flexor (superficial) group muscles consist of and where is it’s origin?
Pronator Teres, Flexor Carpi Radialis, Palmaris Longus, and Flexor carpi ulnaris.
Origin: Common flexor tendon, anterior part of middle epicondyle of humerus
What is tennis elbow?
The overuse of supination extension muscle group on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. That causes inflammation around the muscles
How many bones are in the wrists and what are they?
15.
Radius, Ulna, 8 Carpals, and 5 metacarpals
What is hypernobility?
A double jointed joint
The ability of the ___ is to preform opposition, gives humans the ability to grasp. Therefore , we have ___ hands.
Thumb, prehensile
How many bones does the wrist contain and what are they called?
8, carpals
Which of the carpals on the wrists connect to the ulna and radius?
Scaphoid (navicular), lunate, triquetrum, and pisiform
Which of the metacarpals connect with the carpals that connects with the ulna and radius?
Trapezium (greater multangular), Trapezoid (lesser multangular), capitate, and hamate.
The most frequently fractured bone of the wrist is:
Scaphoid
The most frequently dislocated bone of the wrist is? And how can it be dislocated?
Lunate, by falling on a flexed hand
How many metacarpal bones are there and how are they ordered?
There are 5.
1. Thumb
2. Index
3.Middle
4. Ring
5.Pinky
What are radiocarpal joints and what movement does it do?
joints between the forearm bones and the proximal row of carpals (also called condyloid joints); flexion
What are midcarpal joint what movement does it do?
Joints between the proximal and distal carpals; Extension
What are carpometacarpal joints and what ligaments are included with it?
Joints between distal and the 5 metacarpals; The ligaments are 1. Dorsal, 2. Volar, 3. Interosseous, 4. metacapocarpular
What are intercarpal joints and what ligaments are included with it?
Joints between each carpal bones with in each row
How many joints are in the wrist and what is their motion?
5; gliding
What is the joint of the thumb called?
Saddle joint
Intercarpal Joints produce a ____ motion and connects to?
Gliding;
1. 4 of distal row of carpals
2. 4 of proximal rows of carpals
3. Distal to proximal rows of carpals
The ______ joint consists of ____,_____, and _____. Which produces a _____ motion. It is also classified as a ____ joint because of its movements
Radiocarpal; distal end of radius and ulna, scaphoid, and lunate; gliding; Condyloid
What are the five main ligaments of the wrist and where are they located?
- Capsular- b/w distal ends of ulna and radius, prox row of carpals
2.Volar Radiocarpal-b/w anterior surface of radius and styloid process, prox row of carpals - Dorsal Radiocarpal- b/w distal end of radius, prox row of carpals
- Radial Collateral (lat)-b/w styloid process of radius, scaphoid
- Ulnar collateral (med)- b/w styloid process of ulna, mdl parts of pisiform and triquetrum.
What are carpometacarpal joints and ligaments? Where are they located?
1.Dorsal
2. Volar
3. Interosseus
4. Capsular Carpometacarpal
What does the Volar and Dorsal carpometacarpal joints do?
They hold together…
What does interosseous mean?
Between Bones
Which ligament forms the bridge over the carpel bones to form the carpel tunnel?
Flexor Retinaculum (volar)
What is the carpel tunnel syndrome?
Compression on the flexor retinaculum to the flexor tendons of the wrist and hand
There are 5 metacarpal joints. What are they?
-Proximal Interphalangeal Joints: Between the Proximal and Distal (PIP)
-Distal Interphalangeal Joints: Between the Mid and Distal (DIP)
- Phalanges- Prox, Middle, and Distal
-Thumb- Prox and distal, Interphalangeal (IP)
What are the four fundamental movements of the wrist and which joint/deviation moves it?
Flexion- Radiocarpal Jnts
Extension- Midcarpal Jnts
Adduction- Ulnar Deviation
Abduction- Radial Deviation
The wrist is known as ____ joint and is capable of _______
Biaxial, circumduction
Why are the wrist considered extrinsic muscles?
Bc they originate externally to the hand and insert with the hand on the humerus, ulna, and radial
What are the anterior extrinsic muscles of the hand?
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Palmaris Longus
Flexor Digitorum Profundis
Which muscle is absent in 20% of all people and can it affect people?
The palmaris longus, and yes because it can help other muscle flexor move and be used in surgery to reinforce the elbow ligaments
What are the posterior muscles of the hand/wrist?
Extensor Carpi radialis brevis
Extnsor Carpi Ulnaris
Extnsor Digitorum communis
Extnsor Digiti minimi proprius
Etnsor Carpi Radialis longus
Extnsor Indicis (index finger)
What does pollicis mean?
Thumb
What does hypo mean?
Less than and involved with movement of the 5th ___
What three intrinsic muscles make up the hypothenar eminence?
Abductor Digiti minimi
flxr digiti minimi brevis
opponens digiti minimi
