Chapter 3 Flashcards
Did economic liberalisation provide a boost to employment generation?
No. The growth due to the reforms is known as “jobless growth”. Employment growth in the post-reforms period is lower than that in the pre-reforms period.
What is LFPR?
Labour Force Participation Rate
What is MGNREGA?
Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
Which provides 100 days of employment to every household in rural areas
What is NRLM?
National Rural Livelihoods Mission
It aims at organising all rural poor households and nurturing them till they come out of abject poverty, by organising one woman member from each household into a SHG(self help group)
What is IRDP?
Integrated Rural Development Program is a program launched by the GOI in 1978. It is a self employment program aimed to raise the incomes generation capacity of target groups like small farmers, agricultural labourers, rural artisans, living below the poverty line. This program provides assets and targets to these input groups. This scheme has been merged with another scheme named Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana
What is TRYSEM?
Training Rural Youth For Self Employment was initiated in 1979 to provide basic technical and managerial skills to youths from rural families living below the poverty line, so they they can be self-employment or take up jobs in fields like agriculture, industry, service and business sectors. Training was imparted through formal institutions, and though master craftsmen.
What is NREP?
National Rural Employment Program was launched in 1980 to generate additional employment in rural areas, create durable community assets, and improve the nutritional status and the living standards of the poor. In 1983-84 a major step was taken where the food grains distributed under this program was subsidised.
What is JRY?
Jawahar Rozgar Yojana is the merged version of two programs: the NREP and RLEGP(Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Program), from 1989. Main objectives were to create additional employment in rural areas, and also the creation of sustained employment by strengthening rural economic infrastructure and assets. Preference was given to SC, ST and freed bonded labourers.30% reservation for women and gram panchayats were to be involved for planning and implementation.
What is PMRY?
Prime Minister’s Rozgar Yojana started in 1993 with the objective of making self-employment options available to the educated unemployed youth (with family income under ₹40,000 p.a)by assisting them to set up any economically viable activity.
What is EAS?
Employment Assurance Scheme, launched in 1993, implemented in all the rural blocks of the country, main objective is to provide gainful employment during the lean agricultural season to all able bodied adults desirous of work but unable to find any. Also creation of community, social and economic assets for sustained employment and development
What is REGP?
Rural Employment generation Program was launched in 1995 with the objective of creating self-employment opportunities in rural areas and small towns. Entrepreneurs can establish village industries by taking loans from KVIC and banks for projects with a maximum cost of 25 lakh.
What is KVIC?
Khadi and Village Industries Commision
What is NREGS?
National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme is a large scale employment guarantee scheme under MGNREGA was introduced from 2006 in a phased manner. This is one of the largest social safety net programmes launched anywhere in the developing world.this is a demand driven scheme unlike other supply driven schemes.
what is NFWP?
National Food for Work Program, launched in 2014 in 150 most backward districts in the country with the objective to intensify the generation of supplementary wage employment. Food grains are provided to the states free of cost
Record high and record low unemployment in India?
High: 9.4% in 2009
Low: 4.9% in 2013
What is HCR?
Head-count ratio
H=q/n
q is number of people below the poverty line and n is population
What is poverty gap?
Difference between a person’s income and poverty line.
What is Sen’s measure?
S = H+[I+(1-I)*G]
H is head count ratio
I is income gap ratio as a proportion of poverty line
G is Gini coefficient derived from the Lorenz curve
S varies between 0-1
It is a measure of absolute poverty
If S is 0, all individuals earn above poverty line
What is PGI?
Poverty Gap Index
see formula from page 43 of xerox
What is MPI?
Multidimensional Poverty Index
Replaces HPI(human poverty index)
Product of multidimensional poverty headcount (number of multidimensionally poor people)and the average number of deprivation each multidimensionally poor household experiences.
Includes health, education, living standards
53% people in India are multidimensionally poor
IAY is
Indira Awaas Yojana.
From 1999, construction of houses for the poor free of cost
PMGY is
Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana
Launched in 2001
Promotes primary health, education, rural shelter, drinking water, nutrition and electrification
PMGSY
Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana
2000
Rural connectivity to unconnected habitations with population 500 or more
DPAP and IWDP …
Drought Prone Areas Programme
Integrated Wastelands development Programme
