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Sociology Ch. 3 > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Jokes, family, funeral rites are an example of what?

A

Cultural universals

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2
Q

Travelers will feel euphoric and excited

A

Honeymoon phase

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3
Q

Dominance of African cultural patterns

A

Afrocentrism

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4
Q

Hippies, Amish, and Hutterites are an example of what?

A

Counterculture

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5
Q

Travelers begin to get frustrated with cultural differences

A

Negotiation phase

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6
Q

Rights for women, minorities and the disabled

A

Justice for all

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7
Q

The belief that others disapprove of your actions

A

Shame

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8
Q

Knowing what you have done is wrong

A

Guilt

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9
Q

Values, beliefs, behavior and objects that form a people’s way of life

A

Culture

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10
Q

The difference between right and rude

A

Folkways

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11
Q

The discomfort one feels upon returning home

A

Reverse culture shock

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12
Q

The key to cultural transmission

A

Language

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13
Q

Patterns that set apart some segment of a society’s population

A

Subculture

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14
Q

A political entity a territory with designed borders

A

Nation

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15
Q

People succeed or fail based upon the amount of effort they put forth

A

Work ethic

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16
Q

Democracy, republic, and zero are examples of what

A

Nonmaterial culture

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17
Q

Acceptance of a wide variety of views and traditions

A

Tolerance

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18
Q

Travelers begin to evaluate their old ways with their new ones

A

Cultural balance phase

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19
Q

Informed participation in government is the key to democracy

A

Citizenship

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20
Q

When the odd becomes the familiar

A

Integration phase

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21
Q

The belief that your culture dominates

A

Ethnocentrism

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22
Q

Chop sticks, blow gun, and robes are and example of what

A

Material culture

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23
Q

Dominance of European cultural patterns

A

Eurocentrism

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24
Q

Self is greater than the group

A

Individualism

25
Q

Describes how we should behave

A

Prescriptive

26
Q

Culture that is accessible to everyone

A

Popular culture

27
Q

Patterns that distinguish a society’s elite

A

High culture

28
Q

The difference between right and wrong

A

Mores

29
Q

What is counterculture

A

Refers to cultural patterns that strongly oppose those widely accepted with in a society.

30
Q

What’s is ideology

A

Beliefs or ideas that justify some social, moral, religious, economic, or political interests held by a social group or by society, spread by movements.

31
Q

What are social movements

A

Long term conscious effort to promote or prevent social change

32
Q

What is an invention

A

People use existing knowledge to create something new

33
Q

What is a discovery

A

People recognize new uses for existing elements in the world or begin to understand them in a new way

34
Q

What is diffusion

A

Process of spreading culture traits from one society to another, material or Nonmaterial

35
Q

What is cultural lag

A

The fact that some cultural elements change more quickly than others, disrupting a cultural system (human rights, religion, environmental causes)

36
Q

What is vested interests

A

Often times the majority is comfortable in the present (resist ideas that threaten society)

37
Q

What is cultural transmission

A

Process by which one generation passes culture to the next generation

38
Q

What is the Sapir-whorf thesis

A

People see and understand the world through the cultural lens of language

39
Q

What are values

A

Culturally defined standards that people use to decide what is desirable, good, beautiful and that serve as broad guidelines for social living

40
Q

What are beliefs

A

Specific statements that people hold to be true

41
Q

Prescriptive norms

A

What you should do

42
Q

Proscriptive norms

A

What you should not do

43
Q

What is an artifact

A

Physical human creations that help define a culture (chopsticks vs fork and knife)

44
Q

What is technology

A

Knowledge that people use to make a way of life in their surroundings

45
Q

What are norms

A

Rules that guide our everyday behavior

46
Q

What is internalization

A

Norms and folkways are already a part of personality

47
Q

What are sanctions

A

Reactions from people

48
Q

What is social control

A

Norms are enforced so society can run smoothly

49
Q

What are the top five American values

A 
Individualism
Work ethic
Citizenship
Justice for all
Tolerance
50
Q

What is social conflict

A

Stresses the link between culture and inequality

51
Q

What is materialism

A

Holds a society’s system of material production that effects culture (SOCIAL CONFLICT)

52
Q

What is critical review

A

Cultural systems do not address human needs equally allowing some people to dominate others (SOCIAL CONFLICT)

53
Q

What is social change

A

Capitalism leads to inequality which leads to change (SOCIAL CONFLICT)

54
Q

What is sociobiology

A

Theoretical approach that explores ways in which human biology affects hoe we create culture

55
Q

Who is Alfred Kinsly

A

Applied Darwins theory to human mating (SOCIOBIOLOGY)

56
Q

What is Darwins theory

A

Living organisms change over long time periods-natural selection-(SOCIOBIOLOGY)

57
Q

What is idealism

A

Considers values the core of a culture (STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONAL)

58
Q

What is critical review

A

Shows how culture operates to meet human needs, ignores diversity (STRUCTIONAL FUNCTIONAL)

59
Q

What are cultural universals and examples

A

Traits that are part of every known culture (jokes, family)

Sociology Ch. 3 (1 decks)

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