Chapter 3 Flashcards
Jokes, family, funeral rites are an example of what?
Cultural universals
Travelers will feel euphoric and excited
Honeymoon phase
Dominance of African cultural patterns
Afrocentrism
Hippies, Amish, and Hutterites are an example of what?
Counterculture
Travelers begin to get frustrated with cultural differences
Negotiation phase
Rights for women, minorities and the disabled
Justice for all
The belief that others disapprove of your actions
Shame
Knowing what you have done is wrong
Guilt
Values, beliefs, behavior and objects that form a people’s way of life
Culture
The difference between right and rude
Folkways
The discomfort one feels upon returning home
Reverse culture shock
The key to cultural transmission
Language
Patterns that set apart some segment of a society’s population
Subculture
A political entity a territory with designed borders
Nation
People succeed or fail based upon the amount of effort they put forth
Work ethic
Democracy, republic, and zero are examples of what
Nonmaterial culture
Acceptance of a wide variety of views and traditions
Tolerance
Travelers begin to evaluate their old ways with their new ones
Cultural balance phase
Informed participation in government is the key to democracy
Citizenship
When the odd becomes the familiar
Integration phase
The belief that your culture dominates
Ethnocentrism
Chop sticks, blow gun, and robes are and example of what
Material culture
Dominance of European cultural patterns
Eurocentrism
Self is greater than the group
Individualism
Describes how we should behave
Prescriptive
Culture that is accessible to everyone
Popular culture
Patterns that distinguish a society’s elite
High culture
The difference between right and wrong
Mores
What is counterculture
Refers to cultural patterns that strongly oppose those widely accepted with in a society.
What’s is ideology
Beliefs or ideas that justify some social, moral, religious, economic, or political interests held by a social group or by society, spread by movements.
What are social movements
Long term conscious effort to promote or prevent social change
What is an invention
People use existing knowledge to create something new
What is a discovery
People recognize new uses for existing elements in the world or begin to understand them in a new way
What is diffusion
Process of spreading culture traits from one society to another, material or Nonmaterial
What is cultural lag
The fact that some cultural elements change more quickly than others, disrupting a cultural system (human rights, religion, environmental causes)
What is vested interests
Often times the majority is comfortable in the present (resist ideas that threaten society)
What is cultural transmission
Process by which one generation passes culture to the next generation
What is the Sapir-whorf thesis
People see and understand the world through the cultural lens of language
What are values
Culturally defined standards that people use to decide what is desirable, good, beautiful and that serve as broad guidelines for social living
What are beliefs
Specific statements that people hold to be true
Prescriptive norms
What you should do
Proscriptive norms
What you should not do
What is an artifact
Physical human creations that help define a culture (chopsticks vs fork and knife)
What is technology
Knowledge that people use to make a way of life in their surroundings
What are norms
Rules that guide our everyday behavior
What is internalization
Norms and folkways are already a part of personality
What are sanctions
Reactions from people
What is social control
Norms are enforced so society can run smoothly
What are the top five American values
Individualism Work ethic Citizenship Justice for all Tolerance
What is social conflict
Stresses the link between culture and inequality
What is materialism
Holds a society’s system of material production that effects culture (SOCIAL CONFLICT)
What is critical review
Cultural systems do not address human needs equally allowing some people to dominate others (SOCIAL CONFLICT)
What is social change
Capitalism leads to inequality which leads to change (SOCIAL CONFLICT)
What is sociobiology
Theoretical approach that explores ways in which human biology affects hoe we create culture
Who is Alfred Kinsly
Applied Darwins theory to human mating (SOCIOBIOLOGY)
What is Darwins theory
Living organisms change over long time periods-natural selection-(SOCIOBIOLOGY)
What is idealism
Considers values the core of a culture (STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONAL)
What is critical review
Shows how culture operates to meet human needs, ignores diversity (STRUCTIONAL FUNCTIONAL)
What are cultural universals and examples
Traits that are part of every known culture (jokes, family)
