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Psych Chapter 3 > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Central Nervous System

A

Brain and Spinal Cord

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2
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

Nerve cells that send messages between the central nervous system and other parts of the body

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3
Q

Neurons

A

nerve cells that run through our entire bodies and communicate with each other

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4
Q

cell body

A

produces energy that fuels the neuron’s activities

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5
Q

Dendrites

A

receives information from other neurons and passes the message through the cell body

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6
Q

axon

A

transmits messages away from the cell body

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7
Q

myelin

A

fatty substance that insulates and protects the axons; speeds up transmission

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8
Q

axon terminals

A

small fibers at the end of the axon

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9
Q

synapse

A

junction between the axon terminals of one neuron and the dendrites of another one

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10
Q

sensory neurons

A

nerve cells that carry information received by senses to the CNS

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11
Q

motor neurons

A

nerve cells that carry information received from the CNS to muscles and glands

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12
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

chemicals that are stored in axon terminals; help send messages across the synapse

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13
Q

Acetylcholine

A

neurotransmitter involved in control of muscles, learning and memory

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14
Q

Dopamine

A

neurotransmitter involved in motor behavior

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15
Q

Too little Dopamine

A

Parkinson’s disease

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16
Q

Too much Dopamine

A

Schizophrenia

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17
Q

Noradrenaline

A

Neurotransmitter involved in preparing the body for action

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18
Q

Serotonin

A

Neurotransmitter involved in emotional arousal and sleep

19
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

Part if the Peripheral Nervous System that transmits sensory messages to the CNS

20
Q

Autonomic Nervous System

A

part of the Peripheral Nervous System that regulates the body’s vital functions

21
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System

A

Part of the Autonomic Nervous System that prepares the body for “flight or fight”

22
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A

Part of the Autonomic Nervous System that calms the body down after “fight or flight”

23
Q

Hindbrain

A

One of the three sections of the brain that is in control of vital functions

24
Q

Midbrain

A

One of the three sections of the brain that is in control of vision and hearing

25
Q

Forebrain

A

One of the three sections of the brain that is in control of complex functions, thoughts and emotion

26
Q

Medulla

A

Part of the hindbrain that controls vital functions like heart rate, blood pressure and breathing

27
Q

Pons

A

Part of the hindbrain that regulates body movement, attention, sleep and alertness

28
Q

Cerebellum

A

part of the hindbrain the controls balance and coordination

29
Q

Reticular Activating System

A

Part of the midbrain in control of attention, sleep and arousal

30
Q

Thalamus

A

Part of the forebrain that serves as the relay station for sensory information

31
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Part of the forebrain that regulates body temperature, storage of nutrients and motivation

32
Q

Limbic System

A

Part of the forebrain that forms a border around the brain stem; controls behavior necessary for survival

33
Q

Cerebrum

A

Part of the forebrain that is site to most conscious and intellectual activity

34
Q

Cerebral Cortex

A

Part of the forebrain that is the outer layer of the brain; makes us uniquely human

35
Q

Corpus Callosum

A

structure that connects the two hemispheres of the brain

36
Q

Occipital Lobe

A

Lobe of the brain that controls vision

37
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

Lobe of the brain that controls hearing

38
Q

Parietal Lobe

A

Lobe of the brain that controls skin’s sensory

39
Q

Frontal Lobe

A

Lobe of the brain that controls emotions and judgments

40
Q

Wernicke’s Area

A

Part of the left hemisphere that pieces together sights and sounds for speech

41
Q

Damage to Wernicke’s Area

A

Can’t understand speech and speech is meaningless

42
Q

Broca’s Area

A

Part of the left hemisphere that controls areas of the face used for speaking

43
Q

Damage to Broca’s Area

A

People speak slowly and laboriously

Psych Chapter 3 (1 decks)

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