Chapter 3 Flashcards
Inorganic substance requires in small amounts that is involved in many of the chemical reactions that occur in the body and is needed to promote goal health and fight disease
Mineral
Most compounds that contain carbon, including nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids
Organic compound
Smallest functional unit of an organism
Cell
Group of similar cells such as nerve cells, that work together to do a job
Tissue
Structure, such as the heart, that is made up of several different types of tissues that work together
Organ
Group of organs that are interdependent and work to do a certain job
Organ system
Break down of foods into smaller and simpler molecules that can be used by cells in your body
Digestion
A type of protein that regulates chemical reactions in cells without being changed or used itself
Enzyme
Tiny fingerlike projections that line the small intestine, contain many blood vessels, and increase the intestines surface area where food molecules are absorbed
Villi
Process in which food molecules pass through the walls of the villa and into the bloodstream
Absorption
Series of chemical processes in which oxygen combines with food molecules, energy is released, and carbon dioxide and water are given off as wastes
Cellular respiration
In the lungs, the tiny thin-walked sacs surrounded by capillaries where exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place
Alveoli
In humans, the removal or waste products from the body Through combined efforts of the circulatory, respiratory, and excretory systems
Excretions
Process by which the body maintains a stable internal environment
Homeostasis
Mechanism that helps the body change an internal condition and return to its normal stage
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