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Computer Ethics > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Cloud Computing

A

Software and Data services provided via the Internet

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2
Q

Exploit

A

Attack on an information system that takes advantage of a system vulnerability

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3
Q

Organizations that capture and report information about software vulnerabilities

A

Open Source Vulnerability Database (OSVDB), Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT), Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)

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4
Q

Types of Exploits

A

Virus, Worm, Trojan horse, distributed denial-of-service, rootkit, spam, phishing, spear-phishing, smishing, and vishing

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5
Q

Virus

A

Piece of programming code, disguised as something else, that cause a computer to behave in an unexpected and usually undesirable manner.
Does not spread on it own.

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6
Q

Macro Virus

A

Insert unwanted words, numbers, or phrases into documents.

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7
Q

Worms

A

Program that resides in the active memory of the computer and duplicates itself.. Spread without Human intervention

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8
Q

Trojan Horse

A

Program which harmful code is hidden inside a seemingly harmless program.

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9
Q

Logic bomb

A

Type of Trojan Horse

Triggered by a specific event

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10
Q

Distributed denial-of-service attack (DDoS)

A

Hacker takes over computers(uknowingly to owners of those computers) via the Internet and causes them to flood a target site with demands for data and small tasks

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11
Q

Rootkits

A

set of programs that enables it user to gain administrator level access to a computer without the end user’s consent or knowledge.

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12
Q

CAPTCHA

A

Completely Automated Public Turing Test to tell Computers And Humans Apart

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13
Q

Phising

A

using email to try to get the recipient to reveal personal data

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14
Q

Spear-phishing

A

Variation of phishing that target certain organization’s employee
Looks like the employee’s higher up

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15
Q

Smishing

A

SMS texting variation of phishing

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16
Q

Vishing

A

Voice mail version of phishing

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17
Q

Hacker

A

Test limits of system and/or gain publicly

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18
Q

Cracker

A

Cause problems, steal data, and corrupt systems

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19
Q

Malicious Insider

A

Financial gain and/or disrupt company’s information systems and business operations.

20
Q

Cybercriminal

A

Gain financially

21
Q

Hacktivist

A

Promote political ideology

22
Q

Cyberterroritst

A

Destroy infrastructure components of financial institutions, utilities, and emergency response units

23
Q

lamers/Script kiddies

A

Technically inept hackers

24
Q

Steps to reduce potential for attack

A

Perform a thorough background check as well as psychological and drug testing of candidates for sensitive position
Establish an expectation of regular and ongoing psychological and drug testing as a normal routine for people in sensitive positions
Limit The number of people who can perform sensitive operation and grant only the minimum rights and privileges necessary to perform essential duties
Define job roles and procedures so that same person cannot initiate and approve an action.
Periodically rotate people in sensitive positions
Immediately revoke all rights and privileges necessary to perform essential duties when someone leaves a sensitive position
Implement an ongoing audit process

25
Q

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)

A

exploring new ways to detect malicious insiders

26
Q

Negligent insiders

A

Poorly trained and inadequately managed employees who mean well but cause damage

27
Q

Competitive Intelligence

A

legally obtained information gathered using sources available

28
Q

USA Patriot Act

A

Defines cyber terrorism and penalties

29
Q

Identity Theft and Assumption Deterrence Act

A

Makes identity theft a Federal crime with 15 years imprisonment and a maximum fine of $250,000

30
Q

Fraud and Related Activity in Connection with Access Devices Statute

A

False claims regarding unauthorized use of credit cards

31
Q

Computer Fraud and Abuse Act

A

Accessing a computer without authorization or exceeding authorized access
Transmitting a program, code, or command that causes harm to a computer
Trafficking of Computer passwords
Threatening to cause damage to a protected computer

32
Q

Stored Wire and Electronic Communications And Transactional Records Access Statutes

A

Unlawful access to stored communication to obtain, alter, or prevent authorized access to a wire or electronic communication while it is in electronic storage

33
Q

Trustworthy computing

A

method of computing that delivers secure, private and reliable computing experiences based on sound business practices

34
Q

Risk assessment

A

Assessing security related risks to an organization’s computers and networks from both internal and external threats.

Identify assets
Specify loss events
Frequency of events
Impact of events
Options to mitigate
Feasibility of options
Cost/benefit analysis
35
Q

Security policy

A

identifies an organization’s security requirements

36
Q

Virtual private network (VPN)

A

works by using the Internet to relay communications.

37
Q

Firewall

A

Any Internet traffic that is not explicitly permitted into the internal network is denied entry

38
Q

Intrusion prevention system (IPS)

A

block what you explicitly state

39
Q

Virus signature

A

presence of a specific virus

40
Q

Antivirus software

A

scan a computer’s memory and disk drives regularly for viruses

41
Q

Critical infrastructures

A

Include telecommunications, energy, banking and finance, water, government operations, and emergency services

42
Q

Intrusion detection system (IDS)

A

software/hardware that monitors system and network resources and activities.

43
Q

Response

A 
Incident Notification
Protection of Evidence and Activity Logs
Incident Containment
Eradication
Incident Follow-up
44
Q

Computer Forensics

A

discipline that combines elements of laws and identify, collect, examine, and preserve data from computer systems, networks and storage devices in a manner that preserves the integrity of data gathered so that it is admissible as evidence in a court of law.

45
Q

Laws governing the collection of evidence

A

Fourth Amendment
Fifth Amendment
Wiretap Act

Computer Ethics (1 decks)

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