Chapter 3

Question 1

____ is a general term that refers to a wide variety of damaging or annoying software programs.

Answer 1

Malware

Question 2

The two types of malware that have the primary objective of infecting a computer system are ____.

Answer 2

viruses and worms

Question 3

____ infection injects portions of the code throughout the program’s executable code instead of only at the end of the file (any overwritten original code is transferred and stored inside the virus code for proper execution of the host program after the infection).

Answer 3

Swiss cheese

Question 4

A ____ is a program designed to take advantage of a vulnerability in an application or an operating system in order to enter a computer.

Answer 4

Worm

Question 5

A ____ self-replicates between computers (from one computer to another).

Answer 5

Worm

Question 6

A computer ____ is a program advertised as performing one activity but actually does something else.

Answer 6

Trojan

Question 7

A ____ is a set of software tools used by an attacker to hide the actions or presence of other types of malicious software, such as Trojans, viruses, or worms.

Answer 7

Rootkit

Question 8

____ attacks are often the means by which an attacker will perform an arbitrary code execution

Answer 8

Buffer overflow

Question 9

An infected ‘‘robot’’ computer is known as a ____.

Answer 9

Zombie

Question 10

A ____ is created when hundreds, thousands, or even tens of thousands of zombie computers are manipulated under remote control.

Answer 10

Botnet

Question 11

Botnets can flood a Web server with thousands of requests and overwhelm it to the point that it cannot respond to legitimate requests. This is known as ____.

Answer 11

Denying Services

Question 12

____ is software that displays a fictitious warning to the user in the attempt to “scare” the user into an action, such as purchasing additional software online to fix a problem that in fact does not exist.

Answer 12

Scareware

Question 13

A security ____ is a general software security update intended to cover vulnerabilities that have been discovered since the program was released.

Answer 13

Patch

Question 14

AV software on a computer must have its ____ files regularly updated by downloads from the Internet.

Answer 14

Signature

Question 15

A(n) ____ account is designed for everyday computing activities and allows for some settings to be modified.

Answer 15

Standard

Question 16

One of the best defenses against attacks is to create ____ on a regular basis.

Answer 16

Data Backups

Question 17

A ____ device is similar to a portable USB hard drive except it has additional ‘‘intelligence’’ that allows all devices connected to the computer network to access it.

Answer 17

Network attached storage

Question 18

A general term that refers to a wide variety of damaging or annoying attack software programs

Answer 18

Malware

Question 19

General term used to describe software that spies on users by gathering information without consent, thus violating their privacy

Answer 19

Spyware

Question 20

Virus that first attaches itself to the end of a file

Answer 20

Appender Infection

Question 21

Software program that delivers advertising content in a manner that is unexpected and unwanted by the user

Answer 21

Adware

Question 22

Attacker in control of botnets

Answer 22

Bot herder

Question 23

Written in a script to automate a complex series of tasks into one command

Answer 23

Macro Virus

Question 24

One of the first viruses found on a microcomputer

Answer 24

Elk Cloner

Question 25

Also called a remote code execution, or RCE

Answer 25

Arbitrary code execution

Question 26

An agent that reproduces inside a cell

Answer 26

Biological Virus