Chapter 3 Flashcards
__________ The total of all cellular reactions and includes chemiclal pathways that result in the synthesis of molecules.
Metabolism
_________ metabolism is the synthesis of molecules
Anabolic
________ metabolism is the breakdown of molecules.
Catabolic
____________ is the breakdown of food to energy.
Bioenergetics
Compounds that contain carbon are consided ________
Organic
Compounds that do no contain carbon are considered ___________
inorganic
Reactons that require that energy be added to the reactons
Endergonic Reactions
Reactons that give off energy as a result of chemical processes are known as _________ Reactions
exergonic reactions
________ _________ are reactions that are linked, with the liberation of free energy in one reactoin being used to “drive” a second reaction
Coupled Reaction.
In redox reactons:
_______ is the removal of an electron from an atom or molecule.
Oxidation
In redox reactions:
the addition of an electron to an atom or moleucle is a _________
Reduction
In redox Recations:
The molecule that accepts the electrons is called the _________ agent.
Oxidizing Agent
In redox Recations:
The molecule that donates the electrons is called the _________ agent.
Reducing Agent
Transfer of H+ also know as the carrier molecule
NAD+ & FAD
________ speed reactons by decreasing activation energy.
Enzymes
The _____ and _____ model of enzyme action:
- substrates A & B approaches the active sites on the enzyme.
- Substrates fit into the active sites, forming enzyme-substrate complex.
- The enzyme relaseses the products C and D
The LOCK and KEY Model of Enzyme Action
_____ ______: the more products you have the reactons are going to lean more to the products rather than the reactants?
(need better explaning)
Mass Action
An incrase in temp = Greater or less enzyme activity?
Greater enzyme activity.
What is normal body temp?
37° C
What is normal PH?
7.4
PH will increase or Decrease during exercise?
Decrease
Teh optimal PH range for enzyme activity is ______
7.4-8 PH
__________-complex, non-protein,organic mlecules that associate closely with an enzyme.
Ex. B vitamins and Mg++
Coenzymes
___________
1:2:1 Ratio of C,H & O
Contains 4kcal/g
-Glucose- Blood Sugar
Carbohydrates
_________ is the animal form of carbohydrates.
- Glucose polymer
- Glycogenesis- glycogen synthase
- Glyogenolysis-glycogen phosphorylase
- Storage
Glycogen
_______________- Breaks down glyogen and glucose.
Enzyme used: Glycogen Phosphorylase.
Glycogenolysis
_______________- synthesizes glyogen and glucose.
Enzyme used: glycogen synthase
Glycogenesis
_____ have a greater Carbon:Oxygen Ratio than CHO
Fats
_ kcals/g fat
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__________ Storage of fats
Triglycerides
What enzymes break down Fat?
Lipolysis-Lipases.
We store more ____ in the body?
Fats
____ are the most efficient fuel.
Fats
____________ contain
- 1glycerol + 3 Free Fatty Acids(FFAs)
- The enzyme used are called lipases
Triglycerides
_________ are long chains of amino acids(aa’s)
Proteins
_________ proteins have to be obtained from the diet.
Essential Proteins
___ _______ proteins are produced by the body
Non-Essential
Nitrogen is removed by the _____ cycle which cost energy.
Urea Cycle
2-3% of energy at rest comes from _______
Proteins
__ kcal/g protein
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