Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

__________ The total of all cellular reactions and includes chemiclal pathways that result in the synthesis of molecules.

A

Metabolism

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2
Q

_________ metabolism is the synthesis of molecules

A

Anabolic

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3
Q

________ metabolism is the breakdown of molecules.

A

Catabolic

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4
Q

____________ is the breakdown of food to energy.

A

Bioenergetics

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5
Q

Compounds that contain carbon are consided ________

A

Organic

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6
Q

Compounds that do no contain carbon are considered ___________

A

inorganic

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7
Q

Reactons that require that energy be added to the reactons

A

Endergonic Reactions

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8
Q

Reactons that give off energy as a result of chemical processes are known as _________ Reactions

A

exergonic reactions

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9
Q

________ _________ are reactions that are linked, with the liberation of free energy in one reactoin being used to “drive” a second reaction

A

Coupled Reaction.

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10
Q

In redox reactons:

_______ is the removal of an electron from an atom or molecule.

A

Oxidation

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11
Q

In redox reactions:

the addition of an electron to an atom or moleucle is a _________

A

Reduction

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12
Q

In redox Recations:

The molecule that accepts the electrons is called the _________ agent.

A

Oxidizing Agent

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13
Q

In redox Recations:

The molecule that donates the electrons is called the _________ agent.

A

Reducing Agent

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14
Q

Transfer of H+ also know as the carrier molecule

A

NAD+ & FAD

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15
Q

________ speed reactons by decreasing activation energy.

A

Enzymes

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16
Q

The _____ and _____ model of enzyme action:

  1. substrates A & B approaches the active sites on the enzyme.
  2. Substrates fit into the active sites, forming enzyme-substrate complex.
  3. The enzyme relaseses the products C and D
A

The LOCK and KEY Model of Enzyme Action

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17
Q

_____ ______: the more products you have the reactons are going to lean more to the products rather than the reactants?

(need better explaning)

A

Mass Action

18
Q

An incrase in temp = Greater or less enzyme activity?

A

Greater enzyme activity.

19
Q

What is normal body temp?

A

37° C

20
Q

What is normal PH?

A

7.4

21
Q

PH will increase or Decrease during exercise?

A

Decrease

22
Q

Teh optimal PH range for enzyme activity is ______

A

7.4-8 PH

23
Q

__________-complex, non-protein,organic mlecules that associate closely with an enzyme.

Ex. B vitamins and Mg++

A

Coenzymes

24
Q

___________

1:2:1 Ratio of C,H & O

Contains 4kcal/g

-Glucose- Blood Sugar

A

Carbohydrates

25
Q

_________ is the animal form of carbohydrates.

  • Glucose polymer
  • Glycogenesis- glycogen synthase
  • Glyogenolysis-glycogen phosphorylase
  • Storage
A

Glycogen

26
Q

_______________- Breaks down glyogen and glucose.

Enzyme used: Glycogen Phosphorylase.

A

Glycogenolysis

27
Q

_______________- synthesizes glyogen and glucose.

Enzyme used: glycogen synthase

A

Glycogenesis

28
Q

_____ have a greater Carbon:Oxygen Ratio than CHO

A

Fats

29
Q

_ kcals/g fat

A

9

30
Q

__________ Storage of fats

A

Triglycerides

31
Q

What enzymes break down Fat?

A

Lipolysis-Lipases.

32
Q

We store more ____ in the body?

A

Fats

33
Q

____ are the most efficient fuel.

A

Fats

34
Q

____________ contain

  • 1glycerol + 3 Free Fatty Acids(FFAs)
  • The enzyme used are called lipases
A

Triglycerides

35
Q

_________ are long chains of amino acids(aa’s)

A

Proteins

36
Q

_________ proteins have to be obtained from the diet.

A

Essential Proteins

37
Q

___ _______ proteins are produced by the body

A

Non-Essential

38
Q

Nitrogen is removed by the _____ cycle which cost energy.

A

Urea Cycle

39
Q

2-3% of energy at rest comes from _______

A

Proteins

40
Q

__ kcal/g protein

A

4

41
Q
A