Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Federalism

A

Government authority shared by national and local governments

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2
Q

“Necessary and proper” cause

A

section of the Constitution allowing Congress to pass all laws “necessary and proper” to its duties, and which as permitted Congress to exercise powers not specifically given to it by the Constitution

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3
Q

Nullification

A

the doctrine that a state can declare null and void a federal law that, in the state’s opinion, violates the Constitution

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4
Q

Dual federalism

A

doctrine holding that the national government is supreme it its sphere, the states are supreme in theirs, and the two spheres should be kept separate

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5
Q

police power

A

state power to enact laws promoting health, safety, and morals

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6
Q

initiative

A

process that permits voters to put legislative to put legislative measures directly on the ballot

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7
Q

referendum

A

procedure enabling voters to reject a measure passed by the legislature

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8
Q

recall

A

procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office

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9
Q

grants-in-aid

A

money given by the national government to the states

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10
Q

categorical grants

A

federal grants for specific purposes, such as building an airport

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11
Q

conditions of aid

A

terms set by the national government that states must meet if they are to receive certain federal funds

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12
Q

mandates

A

terms set by the national government that states must meet whether or not they accept federal grants

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13
Q

waiver

A

a decision by an administrative agency granting some other part permission to violate a law that would otherwise apply to it

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