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Texas Government > Chapter 3, 4, 5 Exam > Flashcards

Chapter 3, 4, 5 Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

A system of government in which power is divided between a central government and regional government is known as

A

federalism

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2
Q

As federal regulations became more intrusive, forcing states to change their policies in order to meet national goals, some people began calling our system a ____ federalism

A

coercive

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3
Q

Under the New Deal, federalism is frequently described as

A

cooperative federalism

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4
Q

In the case of Gibbons v. Ogden (1824), the Supreme Court decided that

A

the federal governments authority to regulate international and interstate commerce bestowed on it some power to regulate intrastate commerce

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5
Q

According to Section 33 of the Texas Bill of Rights (Article 1 of the Texas Constitution), Texans are guaranteed the right to use and access public beaches . This is not a right that is protected under the U.S Constitution. Which concept allows Texas to grant its citizens more rights than those listed in the U.S. Constitution?

A

independent state grounds

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6
Q

The Social Security Act of 1935 created which of the following for eligible participants?

A

unemployment insurance

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7
Q

Texas is among several states that have decided to take what action in response to the Affordable Care Act?

A

refuse to expand access to Medicaid

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8
Q

During which president’s administration did the federal governments power, especially with regard to the economy, increase the most?

A

Franklin Roosevelt

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9
Q

Attorney General Ken Paxton joined with 15 other states in filing an amicus brief in the Supreme Court supporting which policy created by President Donald Trump?

A

the travel ban

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10
Q

In which 1989 court case did the Texas Supreme Court unanimously declare that the huge disparities between rich and poor school districts were unacceptable and order changes in the financing of Texas’s public schools?

A

Edgewood v. Kirby

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11
Q

Which of the following is an accurate statement about the Tenth Amendment?

A

It does not clearly distinguish which powers belong to the states and which powers belong to the federal government.

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12
Q

During the New Deal period, in the Supreme Court a 1942 case (Wickard v. Filburn), it was argued that

A

the regulatory power of the national government under the interstate commerce clause was so broad that there seemed no boundaries on national power.

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13
Q

During the Nullification Crisis of 1833, South Carolina tried to assert the right to veto (for nullify)

A

national legislation passed by Congress.

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14
Q

Dual federalism is also known as

A

layer-cake federalism

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15
Q

The understanding that the national government and state governments are both sovereign within their sphere of influence is called

A

dual federalism

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16
Q

The U.S. Constitution created a system of government where both the federal and state governments are sovereign. This means that both the federal and state governments derive their power from

A

the people through their state constitutions.

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17
Q

According to the Tenth Amendment, any powers not delegated to the national government by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states,

A

belong to either the people or the state.

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18
Q

Federalism is often used in countries that have

A

ethnic or cultural divisions.

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19
Q

Which 1869 Supreme Court case resolved the debate over whether states can secede from the Union?

A

Texas v. White

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20
Q

Which court case in 2013 struck down the formula for determining the states covered under the Section 5 preclearance of the Voting Rights Act of 1965?

A

Shelby County v. Holder

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21
Q

As the attorney general of Texas, Gregory Wayne Abbott followed what strategy to challenge coercive federalism?

A

filing lawsuits against the federal government

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22
Q

Under the concept known as independent stat grounds states can

A

grant their citizens more rights than those provided in the U.S Constitution.

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23
Q

Governors and state officials would tend to favor which type of federal funding, since it provides flexibility in terms of how the funds can be used?

A

block grants

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24
Q

A defining characteristic of federalism is that

A

rather than being held exclusively or primarily by one body, governing authority is divided at different levels between several bodies.

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25
Q

The 1819 McCulloch v. Maryland case ____ the powers of the federal government.

A

expanded

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26
Q

The use of block grants, allowing states considerable leeway in how federal money is spent, was championed by President _____ under the name New Federalism.

A

Nixon

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27
Q

What event marked a significant change in how Texans began to vote not only in presidential elections but also int state elections?

A

Ronald Reagan was elected as President.

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28
Q

By the 1940’s, a split between liberals and conservatives developed in the Democratic Party that focused on

A

New Deal economic policies and civil rights measures.

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29
Q

Which statement correctly describes the requirements for membership in a major political party in Texas?

A

With no requirements, a registered voter simply chooses which party primarily to vote in.

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30
Q

In the post-Civil War era, the only parts of Texas that showed significant Republican leanings were

A

German counties in the Texas Hill Country.

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31
Q

Most of the African American population of Texas is concentrated in

A

East Texas.

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32
Q

Conservative Democrats in Texas are also known as

A

Blue Dog Democrats

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33
Q

Most Texas Democrats today would be classified as

A

liberal.

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34
Q

Similar to other southern states, Texas is

A

religious and socially conservative.

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35
Q

The Libertarian Party can be considered

A

fiscal conservatives and social liberals.

36
Q

The Latino movement known as La Raza Unida occurred during the

A

1960s.

37
Q

What is the most basic level of the permanent party organization in Texas?

A

precinct chair

38
Q

Why don’t Texans vote for third parties?

A

Because Texas employs what is known as a “first past the post.” single-member district electoral system. It makes it difficult for third party candidates to win elections.

39
Q

The ____ movement was a movement during the 1950s in which conservative Democrats in Texas supported Republican candidate Dwight Eisenhower for the presidency because many of those conservatives Democrats believed that the national Democratic Party had become too liberal.

A

Shivercat

40
Q

In Texas today, rural areas have become more ____, while urban areas have become more ____.

A

Republican, Democratic

41
Q

Why might parties at the state level have less power than those at the national level?

A

Voters are more concerned with policy proposals, such as public works programs, rather than partisanship.

42
Q

In Texas, political parties help candidates by providing

A

training for a campaign.

43
Q

Which movement has the largest impact on state legislative in recent years?

A

the Tea Party movement

44
Q

In order to win statewide elections, Democrats in Texas want to mobilize which of the following to vote?

A

Latinos

45
Q

Presidential Republicanism describes a pattern when Texan voters would vote for a Republican president and

A

conservative Democrats for state offices.

46
Q

Duverger’s Law states that

A

single-member district system result in two-party systems.

47
Q

In recent presidential elections, Texas has

A

consistently supported the Republican nominee.

48
Q

By focusing on influencing the Republican primary elections, the Tea Party in Texas is trying to

A

get the Tea Party-supported candidates on the ballot, but under the Republican party label.

49
Q

Which statement correctly describes the requirements for membership in a major political party in Texas?

A

With no requirements a registered voter simply chooses which party primary to vote in.

50
Q

When intraparty disputes split members into different groups, these groups are referred to as

A

factions.

51
Q

The mass exodus of more affluent whites from urban areas to suburban areas is sometimes referred to as

A

white flight.

52
Q

____ is a system of representation that encourages third-party voting because it allows each political party representation in proportion to its percentage of the total vote.

A

Proportional representation.

53
Q

Why are Texas Republicans considered to be in a divided moment?

A

because there is tension between pro-business Republicans, who have traditionally dominated Texas politics, and the Tea Party movement that is becoming more influential within Texas politics and government

54
Q

The process of ____ occurs throughout our early years, when parents, religious leaders, teachers, and others influence our partisan identifications.

A

political socialization

55
Q

Since 1994, the state government of Texas

A

has been dominated by the Republican Party.

56
Q

Similar to other southern states, Texas is

A

religious and socially conservative.

57
Q

In Texas today, rural areas have become more _____, while urban areas have become more _____.

A

Republican, Democratic

58
Q

The Libertarian Party can be considered

A

fiscal conservatives and social liberals.

59
Q

When Tip O’Neill said, “all politics is local,” he was talking about how

A

local issues are not generally ideological.

60
Q

Which of the following is a way in which parties help voters during elections?

A

give voters a party label they can identify with when deciding how to vote.

61
Q

The poll tax was made illegal in federal elections with the passage of the

A

Twenty-Fourth Amendment.

62
Q

Who plays the largest role in running political campaigns in Texas?

A

the individual candidates

63
Q

What type of primary allows a voter to choose on Election Day which party they will vote for?

A

open primary

64
Q

One of the advantages incumbents have when running for reelection is

A

name recognition and visibility.

65
Q

Which of the following allowed the federal government to oversee the operation of election at the state level until a Supreme Court ruling in 2013?

A

the Voting Rights Act

66
Q

What is the most basic and fundamental duty citizens have in a democracy?

A

voting

67
Q

The ________ requirement was included in the Voting Rights Act to ensure that states that had previously restricted the political participation of minorities could not use redistricting for partisan gain against the interest of minority groups.

A

preclearance

68
Q

In what case did the Supreme Court rule that a key section of the Voting Rights Act was unconstitutional, thereby affecting new districts being approved by the U.S. Department of Justice?

A

Shelby County v. Holder

69
Q

In Grovey v. Townsend (1935), the U.S. Supreme Court found that the political parties could limit membership to white citizens only because

A

the equal protection clause of the Constitution only applied to state action and not action by private groups.

70
Q

The most important federal law involved in the expansion of voting rights and protection in Texas was the

A

Voting Rights Act of 1965.

71
Q

Prior to the 1970s, how often did voters have to register to vote?

A

yearly

72
Q

Major state officials are elected in nonresidential years because

A

it prevents popular presidential candidates from influencing the outcome of Texas races.

73
Q

What is the main purpose of a primary election?

A

to select a party’s candidate for the general election

74
Q

Political campaigns tend to spend the most money on which of the following?

A

media advertising

75
Q

One possible solution to reforming redistricting in Texas is to

A

take the process away from legislature.

76
Q

How much can an individual donate to a campaign for a state level, nonjudicial office, such as for governor?

A

There is no limit.

77
Q

The general election is held first

A

Tuesday following the first Monday in November of even-numbered years.

78
Q

Texas was the first state in the South to

A

ratify the women’s suffrage amendment.

79
Q

A closed primary allows only those individuals who ____ to participate.

A

are a registered member of their political party

80
Q

Which individuals are legally disqualified from voting?

A

individuals who have been legally and mentally incompetent

81
Q

Early voting in Texas has been shown to produce ____ in voter turnout.

A

modest increase

82
Q

In 2011, the Texas legislature passed a voter identification law that requires a photo identification in order to vote. Which form of photo identification is acceptable?

A

Department of Public Safety-issued concealed handgun license

83
Q

In order to vote in Texas you must meet which of the following requirements?

A

be a resident of Texas, a U.S. citizen, and at least 18 years of age

84
Q

The Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund (MALDEF) focuses on

A

monitoring changes in electoral law that may suppress the votes of minorities.

85
Q

Candidates for state office and lobbyists have to file quarterly reports dealing their spending and donations with which agency?

A

Texas Ethics Commission

86
Q

The most important federal law involved in the expansion of voting rights and protections in Texas was the

A

Voting Rights Act in 1965.

Texas Government (5 decks)

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