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ACSM CERTIFICATION > CHAPTER 3 > Flashcards

CHAPTER 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Kinesiology

A

The study of mechanics of human movement and specifically evaluates muscles, joints, and skeletal structures and their involvement in movement

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2
Q

What are the 3 fields of science kinesiology is based on

A

Biomechanics
Musculoskeletal anatomy
Neuromuscular physiology

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3
Q

Anatomical position

A

The universally accepted reference position used to describe regions and spatial relationships of the human body and to refer to body positions ( Ex: joint motions)

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4
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Divides the body or structure into the right and left sides

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5
Q

Frontal plane (Coronal plane)

A

Divides the body or structure into anterior and posterior portions

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6
Q

Transverse plane (Cross-sectional, axial, or horizontal plane)

A

Divides the body or structure into superior and inferior portions

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7
Q

Center of gravity

A

A theoretical point where the weight force of the object can be considered to act

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8
Q

Line of gravity

A

An imaginary vertical line passing through the center of gravity and is typically assessed while the subject is standing

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9
Q

Anterior

A

Front of the body; ventral

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10
Q

Posterior

A

Back of the body; dorsal

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11
Q

Superficial

A

Located close to or on the body surface

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12
Q

Deep

A

Below the surface

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13
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to any reference point

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14
Q

Distal

A

Farther from any reference point

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15
Q

Superior

A

Toward the head; higher (cephalic)

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16
Q

Inferior

A

Away from the head; lower (caudal)

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17
Q

Medial

A

Toward the midline of the body

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18
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline of the body; to the side

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19
Q

Ipsilateral

A

On the same side

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20
Q

Contralateral

A

On the opposite side

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21
Q

Unilateral

A

One side

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22
Q

Bilateral

A

Both sides

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23
Q

Prone

A

Lying face down

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24
Q

Supine

A

Lying face up

25
Q

Valgus

A

Distal segment of a joint deviates laterally

26
Q

Varus

A

Distal segment of the joint deviates medially

27
Q

Arm

A

Region from the shoulder to elbow

28
Q

Forearm

A

Region from the elbow to wrist

29
Q

Thigh

A

Region from the hip to knee

30
Q

Leg

A

Region from the knee to ankle

31
Q

Biomechanics

A

The study of the motion and causes of motion of living things, using a branch of physics known as mechanics

32
Q

Joint movement

A

Described by its spatial movement pattern in relation to the body, typically in terms of anatomical position

33
Q

Flexion

A

Movement resulting in a decrease of the joint angle, usually moving anteriorly in the sagittal plane

34
Q

Extension

A

Movement resulting in an increase of the joint angle, usually moving posteriorly in the sagittal plane

35
Q

Abduction

A

Movement away from the midline of the body, usually in the frontal plane

36
Q

Adduction

A

Movement toward the midline of the body, usually in the frontal plane

37
Q

Horizontal abduction

A

Movement away from the midline of the body in the transverse plane

38
Q

Horizontal adduction

A

Movement toward the midline of the body in the transverse plane

39
Q

Internal (medial) rotation

A

Rotation in the transverse plane toward the midline of the body

40
Q

External (lateral) rotation

A

Rotation in the transverse plane away from the midline of the body

41
Q

Lateral flexion

A

Movement away from the midline of the body in the frontal plane

42
Q

Rotation

A

Right or left rotation in the transverse plane

43
Q

Elevation

A

Movement of the scapula superiorly in the frontal plane

44
Q

Depression

A

Movement of the scapula inferiorly in the frontal plane

45
Q

Retraction

A

Movement of the scapula toward the spine in the frontal plane

46
Q

Protraction

A

Movement of the scapula away from the spine in the frontal plane

47
Q

Upward rotation

A

Superior and lateral movement of the inferior angle of the scapula in the frontal plane

48
Q

Downward rotation

A

Inferior and medial movement of the inferior angle of the scapula in the frontal plane

49
Q

Circumduction

A

A compound circular movement involving flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction, circumscribing a cone shape

50
Q

Radial deviation

A

Abduction of the wrist in the frontal plane

51
Q

Ulnar deviation

A

Adduction of the wrist in the frontal plane

52
Q

Opposition

A

Diagonal movement of thumb across the palmer surface of the hand to make contact with the 5th digit

53
Q

Eversion

A

Abducting the ankle

54
Q

Inversion

A

Adducting the ankle

55
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Flexing the ankle so that the foot moves anteriorly in the sagittal plane

56
Q

Plantarflexion

A

Extending the ankle so that the foot moves posteriorly in the sagittal plane

57
Q

Pronation

A

Combined movements of abduction and eversion resulting in lowering of the medial margin of the foot

58
Q

Supination

A

Combined movements of adduction and inversion resulting in raising of the medial margin of the foot

ACSM CERTIFICATION (1 decks)

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