Chapter 3 Flashcards
Mild eruption with one vent which thin lava and gas comes through
Hawaiian eruption
Melted rock above or on the Earth’s surface
Lava
Blobs of lava that are shot into the air by a volcano
Volcanic bombs
Rough surfaced lava
Aa
A hot ash, deadly pyroclastic flows and is an extremely violent eruption
Plinian eruption
Volcano that hasn’t erupted for a long time but still might
Dormant volcano
Volcano that will no longer erupt
Extinct volcano
Volcano that has erupted recently or may erupt soon
Active volcano
Smooth lava that can be fluffy or pillowy
Pahoehoe
Melted rock beneath the earth’s surface
Magma
Instrument that uses water to measure changes in the Earth
Tiltmeter
Explosive eruption but has thick lava, steam and gas that comes from it
Strombolian eruption
Vent in the crust of the earth in which steam, ash, lava and gas are forced through
Volcano
Hardened body of magma that’s underground
Pluton
Tear shaped volcanic material that hardens in the air before it hits the ground
Volcanic bombs
Where most hot spots occur
Beneath the ocean
Ash and rock which is a solid material that comes out of a volcano
Pyroclastics
Eruption composed of fine ash, gas-charged fragments of lava and superheated steam which creates a huge cloud that often travels down the side of the volcano at great speed
Pelean eruption
Places on the earth’s surface, directly above a column of rising magma
Hot spots
Mild eruption that has gas and thin lava escaping through several vents
Icelandic eruptions
Thick lava causes volcanoes to erupt_____
Explosively
What is the ring of fire?
Rim of the Pacific Ocean and is famous for all the explosive volcanoes around it
Shield volcanoes are mostly made up of _____
Lava
Vents are always open on ______ Islands
Hawaiian
Type of lava that is able to float because gas was trapped in it while it cooled
Pumice
Has more violent eruptions
Composite volcano
Has gently sloping sides built from lava flows
Shield volcanoes
Small cone shaped volcano built from ash and cinders
Cinder cone volcanoes
Deep sided volcano built from many layers of ash, cinders and lava usually from one vent
Composite volcanoes
Has Icelandic eruptions through many vents or Hawaiian eruptions through one vent
Shield volcanoes
Has Strombolian eruptions that are very explosive
Cinder cone volcanoes
Eruptions that send thick lava, ash, steam or gas high into the air from one vent, usually short lived volcanoes
Strombolian
2 things volcanic soil is
Fertile and rich in minerals
2 things volcanic soil helps
Plant and animal life
The soil helps to grow what?
Lush foliage
What do volcanoes release?
The buildup of heat and pressure
A place where one tectonic plate pushes under another
Subduction zone
