Chapter 3

Question 1

Chemical Bonds

Answer 1

the combining of atoms to form molecules or compounds

Question 2

ionic compound

Answer 2

is a chemical compound in which ions are held together in a structure by ionic bonds.

Question 3

covalent compound

Answer 3

a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.

Question 4

acid

Answer 4

a molecule or other entity that can donate a proton or accept an electron pair in reactions.

Question 5

indicator

Answer 5

a compound that can reversibly

Question 6

base

Answer 6

turn red litmus paper blue and have a pH greater than 7. Their aqueous solutions have a bitter taste.

Question 7

neutralization reaction

Answer 7

is a chemical reaction in which an acid and a base react quantitatively with each other.

Question 8

pH

Answer 8

is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.

Question 9

salt

Answer 9

an ionic compound that forms when a metal atom replaces the hydrogen of an acid

Question 10

organic compound

Answer 10

is any member of a large class of gaseous, liquid, or solid chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon.

Question 11

hyrdocarbon

Answer 11

a compound of hydrogen and carbon, such as any of those that are the chief components of petroleum and natural gas.

Question 12

carbohydrate

Answer 12

any of a large group of organic compounds occurring in foods and living tissues and including sugars, starch, and cellulose.

Question 13

lipid

Answer 13

acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents

Question 14

protein

Answer 14

a class of nitrogenous organic compounds that consist of large molecules composed of one or more long chains

Question 15

nucleic acid

Answer 15

a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain.