Chapter 3 Flashcards
Proximate analysis deals with
factors that affect an organism while its alive
study on house finch birds by
hill
Females colouring is than males
less bright coloring
Red color result of
carotenoids ingested by the birds only by diet
hill’s study Found differences in finch females across
Michigan, NY, and Hawaii
hill’s study suggests that
Suggests that coloration depends on carotenoid-based food source availability
Differences in plumage color between males and females is based on
differences in foraging behaviors
house finch Males actively look for
carotenoid based foods
Hill’s finch experiment involved
using dyes to either brighten or lighten males plumage
coloration
in hills experiment it was found that
males preferred brighter males (ultimate factor)
what is the benefit of male house finches being brighter
brighter males have more disease resistant offspring
more disease resistant
brighter male finches and babies
fed chicks 2x more than drabber males
** However, this was only found in Eastern population,
females in BOTH eastern and western populations
preferred brighter males
bright colour shows that brighter males better foragers, therefore
hence offspring will be better foragers (indirect benefit)
Endocrine system:
ductless glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream (vertebrates) or into fluid surrounding tissue (invertebrates)
Vertebrates hormone glands=
- Pituitary gland
- Adrenal gland
- Thyroid gland
- Pancreas
- Gonads
- Hypothalamus
what do endocrine cells do
synthesize and then secrete hormones into the bloodstream
hormones act as
messengers that affect target cells
hormones Affects behavior both directly and indirectly through
changes in cell metabolism or DNA expression
Production + secretion of CHR (corticotrophin-releasing hormone) from the x causes
the anterior pituitary gland to secrete ACTH, which stimulates the adrenal gland to produce glucocorticoid hormones like cortisol
glucocorticoid hormones like cortisol
play critical role in the production of stress related behaviors
Neurohormones:
hormones released into the blood via neurons (located in the brain)
Examples: birds mate in spring/summer -> longer days -> i
increase in levels of gonadotropin + testosterone
day length has effects on testosterone levels causing
changes in testosterone and therefore parental care
There are 3 interactive systems
input system, central processor, output
input system
all sensory systes
central processor
made up of the central nervous system that process and integrates the sensory info received
output system
effectors such as muscles that move when stimulated
