Chapter 3 Flashcards
What is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes
Chemistry
What is the part of the universe that has both mass and volume
Matter
Materials that cannot be broken down by physical methods are called
Pure substances
What are pure substances have
Constant composition
What are the three things that you need to know about elements
Smallest unit atom
Found on the periodic table
Cannot be broken down
What are the five things that u need to know about compounds
They are two or more different elements that are chemically bonded together
smallest unit molecule
can be broken down
governed by the law of constant composition
the process of being broken down is called decomposition
what does the law of constant composition state
the law of constant composition states that elements combine in certain fixed whole number ratios in order to form compounds. the implication of this is if you change the ratio you change the compound.
what is it called when elements combine to form a compound
synthesis
what does decomposition need to occur
energy
what are the types of energy
heat
electricity
pressure
what are the three things that you need to know about mixtures
they are two or more pure substances physically bonded together
they have a variable composition
can be separated by physical methods
what are the things that you need to know for a homogeneous mixture
same disposition
same
no layers
solution
what are the things that you need to know for the heterogeneous mixture
layers
different disposition
different
what are the two types of properties
physical and chemical properties
what is the information that you need to know about the physical properties
the characteristics of matter that can be changed without changing its composition.
no new matter forms
the property describes when the changes will occur
what are the things that you need to know about the chemical properties
the characteristics that determine how the composition of matter changes as a result of contact with other matter or the influence of energy
new matter forms
what are the two types of changes that will be on the test
physical and chemical changes
what are the things that you need to know about physical changes
the changes to matter that do not result in a change of the fundamental composition
state changes boiling melting condensing evaporate freezing sublime solubility
what are the things that you need to know for chemical changes
involve a change in the fundamental composition
produce a new substance
chemical reaction
goes reactants to products
for a physical change what is the most likely change
a change in state
name the 7 common chemical changes
inert rust tarnish cook decompose burn oxidize
name the two kinds of forces and what they mean
intramolecular forces- means force within a molecule; the chemical bonds; effect chemical properties
intermolecular forces- means a force between molecules; effect physical properties
what are the physical methods used for the separation of mixtures and the techniques
techniques physical property
filtration States of matter
evaporation volatility (how quickly liquid to gas)
decantation states of matter
chromatography polarity (stickiness/adherence to a surface
centrifugation density (homogeneous mixtures)
separatory funnel heterogeneous mixtures
extraction solubility
distillation boiling point
