Chapter 3 Flashcards
Algorithmic Trading
The use of computer programs to make rapid trading decisions.
Ask Price
The price at which a dealer or other trader will sell a security.
Auction Market
A market where all traders meet at one place to buy or sell an asset.
Bid-Ask Spread
The difference between the bid and asked prices.
Bid Price
The price at which a dealer or other trader is willing to purchase a security.
Blocks
Large transactions in which at least 10,000 shares of stock are bought or sold.
Dark Pools
Electronic trading networks where participants can anonymously buy or sell large blocks of securities.
Dealer Markets
Markets in which traders specializing in particular assets buy and sell for their own accounts.
Electronic Communication Networks (ECNs)
Computer networks that allow direct trading without the need for market makers.
High-Frequency Trading
A subset of algorithmic trading that relies on computer programs to make very rapid trading decisions.
Initial Public Offering (IPO)
First sale of stock by a formerly private company.
Inside Information
Nonpublic knowledge about a corporation possessed by corporate officers, major owners, or other individuals with privileged access to information about the firm.
Latency
The time it takes to accept, process, and deliver a trading order.
Limited Buy (Sell) Order
An order specifying a price at which an investor is willing to buy or sell a security.
Margin
Describes securities purchased with money borrowed in part from a broker. The margin is the net worth of the investor’s account.
NASDAQ Stock Market
The computer-linked price quotation and trade execution system.
Over The Counter (OTC) Market
An informal network of brokers and dealers who negotiate sales of securities.
Primary Market
Market for new issues of securities.
Private Placement
Primary offerings in which shares are sold directly to a small group of institutional or wealthy investors.
Prospectus
A description of the firm and the security it is issuing.
Secondary Market
Market for already-existing securities.
Short Sale
The sale of shares not owned by the investor but borrowed through a broker and later purchased to replace the loan.
Specialist
A trader who makes a market in the shares of one or more firms and who maintains a “fair and orderly market” by dealing personally in the market.
Stock Exchanges
Secondary markets where already-issued securities are bought and sold by members.
Stop Order
Trade is not to be executed unless stock hits a price limit.
Underwriters
Underwriters purchase securities from the issuing company and resell them to the public.
