Chapter 3 Flashcards
Does Canada subscribe to the above concepts
Justice model:
justice fairness need to protect human rights -yes
Consistent sentencing-no
Limited distraction by CJ officials-no
Long periods of incarceration for dangerous and violent offenders-yes
Deterrence model
Fear of apprehension- yes
Pain of punishment exceeds pleasure of offence-yes and no
Limited distraction-no
Three factors (certainty of capture, swiftness of prosecution and severity of punishment)- no
Selective model Identify and target high-risk offenders and lock them up- yes and no No parole-no Limited discretion-no D characterization of low-risk-yes
Rehabilitation Focus on the offender not offence-yes Individual sentences-yes Believe in parole and probation-yes Uses discretion in CJ system- yes Uses indeterminant sentences of offenders not treated - no
Main concepts of the four models of crime control?
Justice model:
justice fairness need to protect human rights
Consistent sentencing
Limited distraction by CJ officials
Long periods of incarceration for dangerous and violent offenders
Deterrence model
Fear of apprehension
Pain of punishment exceeds pleasure of offence
Limited distraction
Three factors (certainty of capture, swiftness of prosecution and severity of punishment)
Selective model Identify and target high-risk offenders and lock them up No parole Limited discretion D characterization of low-risk
Rehabilitation Focus on the offender not offence Individual sentences Believe in parole and probation Uses discretion in CJ system Uses indeterminant sentences of offenders not treated
Which model forms the basis of the Canadian charter of and freedoms?
Justice model
Why are some people critical of the selective model?
Some people feel that are criminal justice system is inadequate and in capturing high-risk offenders and that even if they did they would just be replaced by other offenders
Under which model would get it is dangerous offender legislation act fall?
The selective model or justice model as it is to believe in incarcerating dangerous serious violent offenders for a longer time.
Which model believe the discretion is an essential component of the Minogue justice system?
The rehabilitation model
According to Exhibit 3.3 which model is more effective in reducing sex offender recidivism?
The rehabilitation model
Why did the federal government dismiss the idea of aboriginals creating their own criminal justice system?
They rejected the idea of establishing a separate criminal justice system because they felt that the charter of rights and freedoms applies to aboriginals as much as all Canadians
For features that are essential to a successful aboriginal justice system?
System that is faithful to aboriginal traditions and cultural values
Dispersal of discretion making among many people
Reconcile the accused with his or her conscience and the community
Ewing of wounds restoring peace and justice in the community
Examples of two aboriginal justice systems that are presently being accommodated in Canada?
Holy water reserve system
The Sandy Bay and attawapisket system
What is regenerative shaming ?
Is better to shame some offenders then try to punish them within a formal criminal justice system
What is the key to Reintegrative shaming!
To change their perception of the offender instead of seeing the offender as someone to be punished
Differences between punitive Nonpunitive approach
Punitive: Communication is rehearsed Represented by strangers Focus on the offenders rights Focus is punitive and removes the offender from the community Victim has a very limited role
Non-punitive
Communication is fluid
All extended family members are represented
The focus is on the victim and communal rights
The process is corrective offenders are accountable and responsible for Change
The penalties or decided upon by a group
Victims has a very active role
