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B. Earth Science > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

solid in which the atoms are arranged in an orderly, repeating pattern

A

crystal

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1
Q

physical property of some minerals that causes them to break along smooth, flat surfaces

A

cleavage

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2
Q

physical property of some minerals that causes them to break with uneven, rough, or jagged surfaces

A

fracture

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3
Q

beautiful, rare, highly prized mineral that can be worn in jewelry

A

gem

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4
Q

measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched

A

hardness

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5
Q

describes the way a mineral reflects light from its surface; can be metallic or nonmetallic

A

luster

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6
Q

hot, melted rock material beneath Earth’s surface

A

magma

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7
Q

naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a definite chemical composition and an orderly internal atomic structure

A

mineral

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8
Q

deposit in which a mineral exists in large enough amounts to be mined at a profit

A

ore

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9
Q

describes a mineral that contains silicon (Si) and oxygen (O) and usally one or more other elements

A

silicate

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10
Q

ratio of a mineral’s weight compared with the weight of an equal volume of water

A

specific gravity

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11
Q

color of a mineral when it is in powdered form

A

streak

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12
Q

What are the 4 characteristics of a mineral

A

naturally occurring (made by nature)
inorganic (contains no C {carbon} and was never living)
crystal (3D)
solid (elements are close to atom’s nucleus)

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13
Q

a process of adding new material to increase the size of matter

A

accretion

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14
Q

What are the types of formation of minerals

A

cooling

evaporation/ falling our of solution

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15
Q

What are the 7 common characteristics of a mineral

A

1) color
2) shape
3) luster
4) streak
5) hardness
6) specific gravity
7) cleave or fracture

16
Q

what are the 5 other characteristics and a mineral for each other than 4 and 5

A

1) magnetism- lodestone/magnetite
2) flame test- halite
3) double refraction- calcite
4) radioactive
5) florescent

17
Q 
Which mineral has 
color: white with impurities
purple- amethyst
black- smoky
brown- topaz
pink- rose 
green 
shape: hexagon
luster: glassy
streak: white
hardness: 7
specific gravity: medium high
cleave or fractures: fracture
A

quarts

18
Q 
Which mineral has 
color: copper (tarnishes green)
shape: globular
luster: metallic
streak: copper
hardness: 3
specific gravity: medium
cleave or fractures: cleave
A

copper

19
Q 
Which mineral has 
color: white with impurities
shape: diamond/ double pyramind
luster: glassy
streak: white
hardness: 4
specific gravity: low
cleave or fractures: cleave
A

fluorite

20
Q 
Which mineral has 
color: light yellow
shape: diamond/ double pyramind
luster: dull
streak: light yellow
hardness: 2
specific gravity: low
cleave or fractures: fracture
A

Sulfur

21
Q 
Which mineral has 
color: gold with black
shape: cube
luster: metallic
streak: black
hardness: 6
specific gravity: medium high
cleave or fractures: fracture
A

pyrite

22
Q 
Which mineral has 
color: azure
shape: monocline
luster: dull 
streak: azure
hardness: 2
specific gravity: low
cleave or fractures: fracture
A

azurite

23
Q 
Which mineral has 
color: silver gray
shape: retangular
luster: metallic
streak: silver gray
hardness: 5
specific gravity: high
cleave or fractures: cleave
A

galena (lead)

24
Q 
Which mineral has 
color: gray black
shape: cube
luster: metallic
streak: black
hardness: 2
specific gravity: low
cleave or fractures: fracture
A

graphite

25
Q 
Which mineral has 
color: white
shape: rectangular 
luster: pearly 
streak: white
hardness: 1
specific gravity: low
cleave or fractures: cleave
A

talc

26
Q 
Which mineral has 
color: white with impurities 
shape: cylinder
luster: metallic
streak: silver gray
hardness: 5
specific gravity: medium 
cleave or fractures: cleave
A

stibnite

27
Q 
Which mineral has 
color: white with impurities 
shape: hexagon
luster: greasy
streak: white
hardness: 3-4
specific gravity: low
cleave or fractures: ?
A

selenite

28
Q 
Which mineral has 
color: white with impurities
shape: mono plane
luster: pearly 
streak: white
hardness: 4
specific gravity: low medium 
cleave or fractures: cleave
A

mica

29
Q 
Which mineral has 
color: white with impurities 
shape: cube
luster: glassy
streak: white 
hardness: 4
specific gravity: low medium
cleave or fractures: cleave
A

halite (NaCl)

30
Q 
Which mineral has 
color: white with impurities 
shape: parallelogram 
luster: glassy
streak: white
hardness: 5
specific gravity: medium 
cleave or fractures: cleave
A

calcite

31
Q

Au
highest specific gravity
karat

A

Gold

32
Q

sterling

Ag

A

silver

33
Q

100% C

4 C’s (clear, color, carat, cut)

A

Diamond

B. Earth Science (6 decks)

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