Chapter 3 Flashcards
Which is always true regarding the generic name for a drug?
a. The generic name is capitalized when written.
b. The generic name is similar to the chemical name.
c. The generic name is the same in any country.
d. The generic name is assigned by a specific manufacturer.
c. The generic name is the same in any country.
What is the difference between the generic and the trade names of drugs?
a. The generic name is approved and owned by the Federal Drug Standards Committee.
b. The generic name represents the proprietary name given by a drug company.
c. The trade name is one that is registered to a specific drug manufacturer.
d. The trade name, or chemical name, represents the chemicals in the drug.
c. The trade name is one that is registered to a specific drug manufacturer.
You are teaching a new nursing student about the way drugs attach to its receptor sites. Which
statement made indicates the students understanding about the way drugs and receptor sites work?
a. “The drug attaches to a receptor site and activates it.”
b. “The drug prevents activation of the receptor site.”
c. “The receptor site is activated, allowing DNA replication to occur”.
d. “The receptor sites are activated once the drug leaves the receptor site.”
a. “The drug attaches to a receptor site and activates it.”
You are giving the drug antagonist naloxone (Narcan) to a patient who has experienced an
opioid overdose. What response would you expect in this patient from a drug antagonist?
a. An opioid antagonist would result in negative activation of cell receptors.
b. An opioid antagonist would result in positive activation of cell receptors.
c. An opioid antagonist would result in partial activation of cell receptors.
d. An opioid antagonist would result in no activation of cell receptors.
d. An opioid antagonist would result in no activation of cell receptors.
You have just given a patient a drug that is a known agonist. The patient asks how this drug is
expected to work. What is your best response?
a. “This drug works by deactivation of all cellular receptor sites.”
b. “This drug works to partially block receptor sites.”
c. “This drug works by interacting with other drugs.”
d. “This drug works by attaching to the receptor site to activate it.”
d. “This drug works by attaching to the receptor site to activate it.”
You are giving an oral drug to a patient who asks you to explain the reason for taking water
with an oral tablet. What is your best response?
a. “Water is important for proper metabolism.”
b. “Juice or milk can keep it from dissolving.”
c. “Water helps to dissolve the drug.”
d. “Water keeps the drug potent.”
c. “Water helps to dissolve the drug.”
You are about to give an IV antibiotic to a patient hospitalized with severe cellulitis of the right
leg. The patient asks why the drug is being given by the intravenous route instead of by mouth.
What is your best response?
a. “This antibiotic is not available in oral form.”
b. “This antibiotic can act faster if given by IV than if given by mouth.”
c. “This antibiotic can cause stomach ulcers if given by mouth.”
d. “This antibiotic was ordered to be given by the IV route.”
b. “This antibiotic can act faster if given by IV than if given by mouth.”
What is the process by which drug molecules move from a region of higher concentration to
one of lower concentration?
a. Diffusion
b. Osmosis
c. Filtration
d. Solubility
a. Diffusion
A 62-year-old male patient with liver disease asks you why he is receiving a drug intravenously
rather than by mouth. What is your best response?
a. “Many oral drugs are inactivated as you get older.”
b. “Your liver disease impairs the transformation of a drug into its active form.”
c. “Intravenous drugs reduce toxicity to the liver through first-pass metabolism.”
d. “Individuals with liver disease have a genetic impairment that prevents drug activation.”
b. “Your liver disease impairs the transformation of a drug into its active form.”
- A patient who is beginning a new cholesterol-lowering drug tells you he plans to take this drug in the evening with his usual glass of grapefruit juice. What is your best response?
a. “Taking grapefruit juice can reduce the effectiveness of the drug.”
b. “Taking grapefruit juice can increase the absorption of the drug.”
c. “The vitamin C in grapefruit juice enhances the action of cholesterol-lowering drugs.”
d. “The acid environment of grapefruit juice promotes drug metabolism.”
a. “Taking grapefruit juice can reduce the effectiveness of the drug.”
You give a patient 400 mg of an oral drug at noon. This drug has a half-life of 2 hours. At
what time will 100 mg remain?
a. 2:00 p.m.
b. 6:00 p.m.
c. 8:00 p.m.
d. 4:00 p.m.
d. 4:00 p.m.
- When teaching a patient about a new drug that has been prescribed, the patient asks you to
explain the difference between a side effect and an adverse reaction. What is your best response?
a. “Side effects are mild, and adverse effects are severe.”
b. “Both side effects and adverse reactions are mild.”
c. “Both side effects and adverse reactions are severe.”
d. “Side effects are severe, and adverse reactions are mild.”
a. “Side effects are mild, and adverse effects are severe.”
- A 42-year-old female patient recovering from a recent fall tells you that she is experiencing
sleepiness after taking a drug prescribed for back pain. What is your best response?
a. “You are having a severe drug interaction.”
b. “You are having an idiosyncratic response to this drug.”
c. “You are having the desired effect of this drug.”
d. “You are having an expected drug side effect.”
d. “You are having an expected drug side effect.”
A 27-year-old male patient with a sexually transmitted infection who was given intramuscular
penicillin develops hives, itching, and facial swelling after the injection. What type of drug
reaction is this patient experiencing?
a. An adverse reaction
b. A paradoxical reaction
c. A hypersensitivity reaction
d. An anaphylactic reaction
c. A hypersensitivity reaction
A 21-year-old woman has been prescribed a 10-day course of an oral antibiotic for a sinus
infection. What information should be included in the teaching plan for this patient?
a. Antibiotics can have a synergistic effect when given with opiates.
b. Antibiotics can mask the signs of allergic reactions.
c. Antibiotics interact with birth control pills making them less effective.
d. Antibiotics interfere with P-450 enzyme pathways in women.
c. Antibiotics interact with birth control pills making them less effective.
- Probenecid is sometimes given to patients taking penicillin to increase the amount of
penicillin absorbed. Which effect is this an example of?
a. Additive effect
b. Drug interaction
c. Synergistic effect
d. Antagonistic effect
a. Additive effect
A patient who has been prescribed an antianxiety drug to be taken in the evening tells you he
has 2 to 3 beers with dinner each night. What is your best response?
a. “The effect of alcohol on this drug is not a concern.”
b. “Drinking any alcohol with this drug can have a harmful additive effect.”
c. “Limit your alcohol use to 8 ounces a day with a meal.”
d. “Eating a full meal before taking the drug will negate any side effects.”
b. “Drinking any alcohol with this drug can have a harmful additive effect.”
You are caring for a patient with liver failure who will be starting on an oral anticoagulant for
the treatment of a deep vein thrombosis. What effect of this drug should you expect?
a. The effect of the anticoagulant will be prolonged and pose a risk for bleeding.
b. The effect of the anticoagulant will be reduced, requiring additional doses.
c. The effect of the anticoagulant will result in an increased risk for infection.
d. There will be no effect of the anticoagulant on the deep vein thrombosis.
a. The effect of the anticoagulant will be prolonged and pose a risk for bleeding.
- You are caring for a patient who has been prescribed an oral opioid for pain following the
surgical repair of a fractured ankle. The patient’s social history states that he drinks alcohol on a
daily basis. Which statement regarding pain relief for this patient is true?
a. A lower dose of opioids is needed for patients who drink alcohol daily.
b. Daily alcohol intake can increase the activity of metabolic enzymes in this patient.
c. There is no effect on metabolism of opioids as long as the patient has normal liver function.
d. In patients who drink alcohol daily, prodrugs like opioids are activated more slowly.
b. Daily alcohol intake can increase the activity of metabolic enzymes in this patient.
Which statement concerning absorption of oral drugs is true for neonates?
a. Oral prodrugs are activated most quickly in the neonate.
b. Oral drugs are poorly absorbed for the gastrointestinal tract of the neonate.
c. The overall low body metabolism results in increased toxicity in the neonate.
d. The high percentage of total body water rapidly dilutes oral drugs in the neonate.
b. Oral drugs are poorly absorbed for the gastrointestinal tract of the neonate.
- The nurse receives an order to give methylprednisolone 125 mg/1 mL IM. The nurse knows that she should inject this drug into the ———–to assure the drug is absorbed most rapidly.
a. Vastus lateralis
b. Dorsogluteal muscle
c. Abdomen
d. Ventrogluteal muscle
e. Deltoid muscle
e. Deltoid muscle
