Chapter 3 Flashcards
The IFSTA Principles of Risk Management were developed after reviewing a number of risk management models currently being used in the fire service. The three most prominent models considered were those developed by the Phoenix (AZ) Fire Department, NFPA® __, and the Ten Rules of Engagement for Structural Fire Fighting developed by the International Association of Fire Chiefs (IAFC). The IFSTA Principles of Risk Management are as follows:
1500
The use of an accountability system is required by NFPA® __, Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program, and NFPA® __, Standard on Emergency Services Incident Management System.
1500
1561
Formaldehyde:
Colorless gas with a pungent irritating odor that is highly irritating to the nose. __ ppm can cause severe irritation to the respiratory track and serious injury. Exposure to high concentrations can cause injury to the skin. Formaldehyde is a suspected carcinogen.
50-100
Carbon Monoxide:
Colorless, odorless gas. Inhalation of carbon monoxide causes headache, dizziness, weakness, conf usion, nausea, unconsciousness, and death. Exposure to as little as __% carbon monoxide can result in unconsciousness within __ minutes. Inhalation of high concentration can result in immediate collapse and unconsciousness.
0.2
30
Civilians are often not aware of the principles of risk management, and they lack the training and experience to make the necessary judgments about when it is prudent to take risks and when it is not. As described in NIOSH Report __, cited in Chapter 1, firefighters — especially fire officers — must make those judgments as the situation dictates.
99F-47
Because the sound of a PASS device can make transmitting and receiving radio messages difficult or impossible, trapped firefighters will have to mute them or turn them off to use their radios. To use their radios, trapped firefighters may have to alternately turn their PASS devices on and off for __-minute intervals to allow them to hear transmissions from the RIC or other emergency traffic.
one
Locating Windows and Doors:
They should crawl along the wall wiping it with one gloved hand from the floor to as high as they can reach without standing up. This technique should help them quickly locate any window that is within about __ feet of the floor. If no windows are found, they will eventually find a door unless it is buried by collapse debris.
4
Removing the wall between any two adjacent studs will only create an opening approximately __ inches wide.
14
