Chapter 3

Question 1

What law states that a chemical compound always contains the same element in exactly the same proportions by weight and mass?

Answer 1

Law of Definite Proportions

Question 2

Was Dalton’s Atomic Theories thought to be 100% true?

Answer 2

No

Question 3

What kind of charge do atoms have?

Answer 3

neutral or none

Question 4

What makes the atomic number?

Answer 4

the number of protons and electrons

Question 5

What law states that the closer 2 charges are, the greater the force between them?

Answer 5

Coulomb’s Law

Question 6

An electron that is as close to the nucleus as it can be is in it’s _____ energy level.

Answer 6

lowest

Question 7

An electron that is farther from the nucleus as it can be is in it’s _____ energy level.

Answer 7

higher

Question 8

What are regions where electrons are likely to be found?

Answer 8

orbitals

Question 9

What state is it when an electron is in its lowest possible energy?

Answer 9

ground state

Question 10

What is the present day model of an atom called?

Answer 10

quantum model

Question 11

What states that electrons fill orbitals that have the lowest energy first?

Answer 11

the aufbu principle

Question 12

What charge do protons have?

Answer 12

positive

Question 13

What charge do electrons have?

Answer 13

negative

Question 14

Because each element has a unique number of protons, no two elements have the same what?

Answer 14

atomic number

Question 15

Atomic numbers are always ____ numbers.

Answer 15

whole

Question 16

The atomic number reveals the number of protons and what else?

Answer 16

electrons

Question 17

What is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom?

Answer 17

mass number

Question 18

How can you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?

Answer 18

subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass

Question 19

What is it called when atoms of the same element have a different number of neutrons?

Answer 19

isotopes

Question 20

Who suggested that electrons, like planets orbiting the sun, revolve around the nucleus in circular elliptical orbits.

Answer 20

Rutherford

Question 21

Who suggested that electrons can only be certain distances from the nucleus, each distance corresponding to a certain energy level?

Answer 21

Bohr

Question 22

Orbitals are sometimes called what?

Answer 22

Electron clouds

Question 23

What are regions around the nucleus that correspond to specific energy levels?

Answer 23

orbitals

Question 24

What is all of the frequencies or wavelengths of an electromagnetic radiation?

Answer 24

electromagnetic spectrum

Question 25

The ____ and ____ of a wave are inversely related.

Answer 25

frequency and wavelength

Question 26

As frequency increases, wavelength _______.

Answer 26

decreases

Question 27

An electron can move from a low energy level to a high energy level by doing what?

Answer 27

absorbing energy

Question 28

What happens when an electron gains energy?

Answer 28

moves to an excited state

Question 29

What indicates the orientation of an electron's magnetic field relative to an outside magnetic field?

Answer 29

Spin quantum number

Question 30

What states that two principles of a certain class cannot be in the exact energy state?

Answer 30

Pauli exclusive principle

Question 31

The arrangement of electrons in an atom is usually shown by writing what?

Answer 31

electron configuration

Question 32

To save space, one can write this configuration by using a configuration of a….

Answer 32

noble gas

Question 33

what are some noble gases?

Answer 33

neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon

Question 34

Electron orbitals are filled accruing to the...

Answer 34

Hunds Rule

Question 35

What states that orbitals of the same n and l quantum numbers are each occupied bu one electron before and pairing occurs

Answer 35

Hunds Rule

Question 36

What is the distance between 2 consecutive peaks or troughs of a wave?

Answer 36

wavelength

Question 37

Light is a...

Answer 37

electromagnetic wave

Question 38

____light has a low frequency and a long wavelength.

Answer 38

red

Question 39

____ light has a high frequency and a short wavelength.

Answer 39

violet

Question 40

In orbits what is the first ones letter?

Answer 40

s

Question 41

In orbits what is the second ones letter?

Answer 41

p

Question 42

In orbits what is the third ones letter?

Answer 42

d

Question 43

In orbits what is the fourth ones letter?

Answer 43

f

Question 44

What number corresponds with s?

Answer 44

2

Question 45

What number corresponds with p?

Answer 45

6

Question 46

What number corresponds with d?

Answer 46

10

Question 47

What number corresponds with f?

Answer 47

14

Question 48

What is an acronym to remember s, p, d, f?

Answer 48

sick puppies die fast

Question 49

A single orbital can hold a maximum of how many spins?

Answer 49

2

Question 50

The spins in a single orbital must contain ____ spins.

Answer 50

opposite