Chapter 3

Question 1

What are the 3 types of chemical bonding?

Answer 1

Ionic, chemical, metallic

Question 2

Define ionic bonding

Answer 2

Metal+ non metal
Transfer of electron from metal to non metal

Question 3

Define covalent bonding

Answer 3

Non metal + non metal
Sharing of electrons

Question 4

Why do metals lose and non metals gain electrons?

Answer 4

To have a stable noble gas electronic configuration

Question 5

What is the bond between ions called as?

Answer 5

Electrostatic force of attraction

Question 6

State the properties of ionic bonding

Answer 6

. Conducts electricity only in molten/aqueous state, as ions are free to move
. Soluble in water but not in organic solvents because water is attracted to charged ions and organic solvents are covalent
. Solids at room temperature
. High mp and bp (high electrostatic force of attraction)

Question 7

List the properties of covalent compounds

Answer 7

. Low mp and bp
. Soft and relatively flexible\
. Don’t conduct electricity (no free electrons)

Question 8

List some giant covalent compounds

Answer 8

Graphite, diamond and silicon dioxide (sand)

Question 9

Diamond and graphite are 2 allotropes of carbon. Define the term allotropes

Answer 9

Allotropes are forms of the same element with different physical properties

Question 10

State the properties of silicon dioxide

Answer 10

. Tetrahedral arrangement of atoms
. Similar properties as diamond
. Not as hard as diamond

Question 11

State the physical properties of metals

Answer 11

. Good conductor of electricity (delocalised electrons)
. Layers of atoms slide over each other (malleable - sheets, ductile- wires)
. High mp and bp (high electrostatic force between metal cations and sea of electrons, higher in transition metals)