Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What food is a good source of carbohydrates?

A

Steak

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2
Q

Polysaccharides include

A

Starch, glycogen, and fiber

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3
Q

What is the chief energy source of the body?

A

Glucose

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4
Q

What is the primary form of stored glucose in animals

A

glycogen

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5
Q

What polysaccharide helps form the cell walls of plants

A

cellulose

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6
Q

What food label denotes sugar?

A

Corn Syrup

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7
Q

what are the two types of alternative sweeteners

A

sugar alcohols and nonnutritive sweeteners

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8
Q

A diet rich in in carbohydrates (whole grains, vegetables, fruit, and legumes is low in what

A

Fat

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9
Q

What is the DRI recommendation for fiber?

A

14 grams per 1000 kcalories

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10
Q

What is acceptable daily intake (ADI)?

A

the amount of a nonnutritive sweetener that individuals can safely consume each day over the course of a lifetime without adverse effect. It includes a 100-fold safety factor.

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11
Q

What are carbohydrate

A

compounds composed of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen arranged as monosaccharides or multiples of monosaccharides

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12
Q

what are disaccharides

A

pairs of sugar units bonded together

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13
Q

define fructose

A

a monosaccharide: sometimes known as fruit sugar

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14
Q

define galactose

A

a monosaccharide: part of the disaccharide lactose

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15
Q

what is a glucagon?

A

a hormone that is secreted by special cells in pancreas in response to low blood glucose concentration and that elicits release of glucose from storage

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16
Q

what is glucose?

A

a monosacharide; the sugar common to all disaccharides and polysaccharides; also called blood sugar or dextrose

17
Q

what is a monosaccharides?

A

single sugar units

18
Q

what are polysaccharides?

A

long chains of monosaccharide units arranged as starch, glycogen, or fiber

19
Q

define sucrose

A

a disaccharide composed of glucose and digestible by human beings

20
Q

what is a whole grain?

A

rains or foods made from them that contain all the essential parts and naturally occurring nutrients of the entire grain seed (except the inedible husk