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CSCS > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

Bioenergetics

1
Q

define bioenergetics

A

the biological system of making energy

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2
Q

what is ATP?

A

a molecule with adenosine and 3 phosphates

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3
Q

what do muscles use ATP for?

A

cross bridge cycle

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4
Q

breaking a high energy bond results in

A

ADP, energy, hydrogen ion

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5
Q

true or false: at any given length of performance, one energy system is primarily producing ATP

A

TRUE
all are always working, but one is the primary source

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6
Q

90-100% max power
less than 10 seconds of work
lots of rest between sets (1:12 to 1:20 work to rest ratio)

A

phosphate system (PCr)

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7
Q

what happens when you eat a donut?

A

donut breaks down into glucose
glucose enters the blood stream

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8
Q

blood sugar can be…

A

stored as fat
stored as glycogen
used for energy

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9
Q

when blood sugar is stored as glycogen, where is it stored?

A

muscle and liver

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10
Q

when glycolysis is produced in the present of oxygen, what is the end product?

A

pyruvate

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11
Q

when glycolysis is produced in the absence of oxygen, what is the end product?

A

lactate

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12
Q

where does the process of glycolysis take place?

A

OUTSIDE the mitochondria

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13
Q

what process results in ATP?

A

anaerobic glycolysis
turning glucose to lactate

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14
Q

where does anaerobic glycolysis occur?

A

in the cytoplasm

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15
Q

what is the end product of the cori cycle?

A

glucose

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16
Q

during the cori cycle, glucose is produced from what?

A

lactate

17
Q

lactate is oxidized by…

A

type 1 muscle fibers
the heart

18
Q

when _________________ fibers are primarily working, lactate is produced

A

type 2x and 2a

19
Q

define the lactate threshold

A

when anaerobic energy production becomes the primary energy source

20
Q

the lactate threshold of untrained individuals occurs at _____ % of max oxygen uptake.
the lactate threshold of trained individuals occurs at ______ % max oxygen uptake.

A

50-60%
70-80%

21
Q

when looking at a graph, how can the onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA) be identified?

A

2nd inflection point when lactate concentration reaches 4mmol

22
Q

what occurs during the onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA)?

A

intermediate and large motor units are recruited
catecholamines are released into blood glucose
training near lactate threshold (LT) or OBLA allows you to work at higher intensity with less fatigue

23
Q

what happens when catecholamines are released during OBLA?

A

the catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine mobilize fuel sources to increase blood lactate

24
Q

what is the lactate threshold (LT)?

A

the switch to using anaerobic energy (fast glycolysis) production as the main fuel source.

25
Q

what threshold correlates with the lactate threshold?

A

ventilatory threshold

26
Q

oxygen uptake is directly proportional to

A

heart rate reserve

27
Q

where does the kreb’s cycle occur?

A

in the mitochondria (it requires oxygen)

28
Q

what is the product of aerobic glycolysis?

A

pyruvate

29
Q

how much ATP does oxidative phosphorylation produce?

A

34 ATP

30
Q

draw the cycle of cellular respiration

A

no, seriously, draw it

31
Q

what is the result of beta oxidation?

A

2-carbon acetyl CoA molecules

32
Q

what happens after the triglyceride is broken down into acetyl-CoA?

A

the acetyl-CoA enters the krebs cycle

33
Q

what energy system is used?
a swimmer performing 25m freestyle intervals: 12-15 seconds with 2.3-3min rest

A

phosphagen

34
Q

what is the fuel source used?
a swimmer performing 25m freestyle intervals: 12-15 seconds with 2.3-3min rest

A

PCr and up to ~90% carbohydrates

35
Q

what every system will you use to run a marathon?

A

oxidative (phosphorylation)

36
Q

what energy system is used during interval training?
a soccer player performing 6 x2min walk/2min run intervals near VO2max

A

primarily fast (anaerobic) glycolysis and oxidative

37
Q

what fuel source will you use to run a marathon?

A

50% fat, 50% carbohydrates

38
Q

what fuel source is used for energy production during rest?

A

~70% fats, ~30% carbs

39
Q

what energy system is used at rest?

A

aerobic glycolysis
krebs cycle
oxidative phosphorylation

CSCS (1 decks)

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