Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

My flashcards > chapter 3 > Flashcards

chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

something that stands in for or represents something else

A

Symbol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

culturally agreed on and ever-changing systems of symbols that help us organize, understand and generate meaning

A

Codes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

our ability to talk and events that are removed in space or time from a speaker and situation

A

Displacement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

a model of communication that indicates the relationship among a thought, symbol, and referent and highlights indirect relationship between the symbol and referent

A

Triangle of meaning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

object or idea to which the symbol refers

A

Referent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

definitions that are accepted by the language group as a whole, or the dictionary definition of a word

A

Denotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

definitions that are based on emotion- or experience-based associations people have with a word

A

Connotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

rules that govern how words are used to make phrases and sentences

A

Grammar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

language helps us communicate our observations, thoughts, feelings, and needs

A

Verbal expressions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

utterances that try to get another person to do something

A

Directives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

newly coined or used words

A

Neologisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

new or adapted words that are specific to one group, context, or time period

A

Slang

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

messages communicated in an open, honest, and non-confrontational way

A

Supportive messages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

make others respond defensively, which can lead to feelings of separation and actual separation or dissolution of a relationship

A

Unsupportive messages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

sweeping judgments and generalizations are sure to escalate a negative situation.

A

Global labels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

often disguised as humor, it usually represents passive-aggressive behavior through which a person indirectly communicates negative feelings

A

Saracasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

a tactic used by people when they do not want to discuss a current situation

A

Dragging up the past

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

holding a person up to the supposed standards or characteristics of another person

A

Negative comparisons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

generalized overstatements about another person that go beyond labeling but still do not describe specific behavior in a productive way

A

Judgmental ‘“you” messages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

suggesting violence or some other negative consequence usually signals the end of productive communication and usually overcompensates for a personÕs insecurity

A

Threats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

a model used to illustrate how language can range from concrete to abstract

A

The ladder of abstraction

22
Q

refers to specialized words used by certain group or profession

A

Jargon

23
Q

language used to express a personÕs feelings and create similar feelings in another person

A

Affective language

24
Q

breaking semantic rules, but in a way that typically enhances meaning or understanding rather than diminishes it

A

Figurative language

25
Q

a direct comparison of two things using the words like or as

A

Simile

26
Q

an implicit comparison of two things that are not alike and/or are not typically associated

A

Metaphor

27
Q

the attribution of human qualities or characteristics of other living things to nonhuman objects or abstract concepts

A

Personification

28
Q

occurs when a person deviates from established social norms

A

Incivility

29
Q

creates social bonds or for impression management (to seem cool or attractive)

A

Social swearing

30
Q

provides a sense of relief, as people use it to manage stress and tension, which can be a preferred alternative to physical aggression

A

Annoyance swearing

31
Q

conclusions based on thoughts or speculation, but not direct observation

A

Inferences

32
Q

conclusions based on direct observation or group consensus

A

Facts

33
Q

expressions of approval or disapproval that are subjective and not verifiable

A

Judgments

34
Q

misperception of an inference (conclusion based on limited information) as an observation (an observed or agreed-on fact)

A

Inference-observation confusion

35
Q

a skewed way of viewing or talking about a group negatively

A

Cultural bias

36
Q

race, gender, age, sexual orientation, and ability

A

Cultural identities

37
Q

a process of generating meaning using behavior other than words

A

Nonverbal communication

38
Q

vocalized but not verbal part of a spoken message, such as speaking rate, volume, and pitch

A

Paralanguage

39
Q

messages in which verbal and nonverbal signals contradict each other

A

Mixed messages

40
Q

verbal and nonverbal behaviors that lessen real or perceived physical and psychological distance between communicators and include things like smiling, nodding, making eye-contact, and occasionally engaging in social, polite, or professional touch

A

Immediacy behaviors

41
Q

the objects and possessions that surround us

A

Artifacts

42
Q

a process of generating meaning using behavior other than words

A

Kinesics

43
Q

touching behaviors and movements that indicate internal states typically related to arousal or anxiety

A

Adaptors

44
Q

gestures that have a specific agreed-on meaning within a cultural context

A

Emblems

45
Q

study of eye behaviors and movements in nonverbal communication

A

Oculesics

46
Q

the study of communication by touch

A

Haptics

47
Q

the study of paralanguage

A

Vocalics

48
Q

the study of how space and distance influence communication

A

Proxemics

49
Q

public, social, personal, and intimate

A

Proxemic distances

50
Q

the study of how time affects communication

A

Chronemics

51
Q

consistency among different nonverbal expressions within a cluster

A

Nonverbal congruence

My flashcards (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions