Chapter 3 Flashcards
a structural plan or basis
of a written work.
Framework
Described as the abstract, logical structure of meaning that guide the development of the study.
Framework
a general idea or
understanding of something.
Concept
It describes and names an object or
phenomenon.
Concept
Consists of concepts that are broadly
defined and systematically organize to
provide a focus.
Conceptual framework
It is based on specific concepts
Conceptual framework
Used in research to outline possible
courses of action or to present a
preferred approach to an idea or thought.
Conceptual framework
■ To clarify concepts and propose
relationships among the
concepts in a study
■ To provide a context for
interpreting the study findings
■ To aid in choosing appropriate
methodology
■ To help in gathering and
interpreting data
■ To guide in identifying possible
threats to validity
PURPOSES OF CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK
A visual presentation of
variables that interrelate with
one another as perceived by the
researcher before an actual
empirical investigation is done
to prove its relationships.
PARADIGM OF THE STUDY
(CONCEPTUAL PARADIGM)
This model is largely used when
the research attempts to isolate
the factor or major variable that
causes the problem, subject, or
phenomenon under investigation.
IPO model
(input-process-output)
This model is used in
experiment-based studies.
This is also used when relating and
assessing the influence between two
or more variables.
IV-DV model (independent
variable-dependent variable
model)
This model is used when relating and
assessing the influence between two or
more variables. This model focuses on
relationships and associations between
variables.
PC model
(predictor-criterion
model)
This model is used in
research studies that
propose a program or any
intervention measure.
-P model
This model is used when the researcher
presents an original paradigm. The
requirement is that it must be scientific.
POM (proposed original
model)
Methods of Study and
Sources of Data
Research Design
Respondents of the Study
Data- gathering Instrument
Data- gathering procedure
Statistical Treatment
mode of research used
Research Design
Non-experimental Design
• Survey Studies
• Time Orientation
-Retrospective
-Cross-sectional
-Longitudinal
•Purpose or Objective
-Descriptive
-Comparative
-Correlational
-Evaluative
Investigations are conducted through
self-report. This design generally asks
respondents to report on their attitudes,
perceptions, or behaviors. Thus, survey
studies aim at describing characteristics,
opinions, and attributes as they currently
exist in a population.
Survey Studies
In a ______ study, the outcome of
interest has already occurred at the time
the study is initiated. A retrospective
study design allows the investigator to
formulate ideas about possible
associations and investigate potential
relationships.
Retrospective
The data are collected at a single point in
time. The design requires subjects who
are at different points, or phases of an
experience. The subjects are assumed to
represent data collected from different
time periods.
Cross-sectional
Unlike in the cross-sectional survey, the
researcher collects data from same
people at different times.
Longitudinal
This design aims to gather more information on certain characteristics within a particular field of study.
descriptive
This design is used to compare and contrast representative samples from two or more groups of subjects in relation to the variables involved in the study.
comparative
This design is used to investigate the direction and magnitude of relationships among variables in a particular population.
correlational
