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PR2 Q2 > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

a structural plan or basis
of a written work.

A

Framework

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2
Q

Described as the abstract, logical structure of meaning that guide the development of the study.

A

Framework

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3
Q

a general idea or
understanding of something.

A

Concept

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4
Q

It describes and names an object or
phenomenon.

A

Concept

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5
Q

Consists of concepts that are broadly
defined and systematically organize to
provide a focus.

A

Conceptual framework

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6
Q

It is based on specific concepts

A

Conceptual framework

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7
Q

Used in research to outline possible
courses of action or to present a
preferred approach to an idea or thought.

A

Conceptual framework

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8
Q

■ To clarify concepts and propose
relationships among the
concepts in a study
■ To provide a context for
interpreting the study findings
■ To aid in choosing appropriate
methodology
■ To help in gathering and
interpreting data
■ To guide in identifying possible
threats to validity

A

PURPOSES OF CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK

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9
Q

A visual presentation of
variables that interrelate with
one another as perceived by the
researcher before an actual
empirical investigation is done
to prove its relationships.

A

PARADIGM OF THE STUDY
(CONCEPTUAL PARADIGM)

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10
Q

This model is largely used when
the research attempts to isolate
the factor or major variable that
causes the problem, subject, or
phenomenon under investigation.

A

IPO model
(input-process-output)

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11
Q

This model is used in
experiment-based studies.
This is also used when relating and
assessing the influence between two
or more variables.

A

IV-DV model (independent
variable-dependent variable
model)

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12
Q

This model is used when relating and
assessing the influence between two or
more variables. This model focuses on
relationships and associations between
variables.

A

PC model
(predictor-criterion
model)

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13
Q

This model is used in
research studies that
propose a program or any
intervention measure.

A

-P model

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14
Q

This model is used when the researcher
presents an original paradigm. The
requirement is that it must be scientific.

A

POM (proposed original
model)

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15
Q

Methods of Study and
Sources of Data

A

Research Design
Respondents of the Study
Data- gathering Instrument
Data- gathering procedure
Statistical Treatment

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16
Q

mode of research used

A

Research Design

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17
Q

Non-experimental Design

A

• Survey Studies
• Time Orientation
-Retrospective
-Cross-sectional
-Longitudinal
•Purpose or Objective
-Descriptive
-Comparative
-Correlational
-Evaluative

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18
Q

Investigations are conducted through
self-report. This design generally asks
respondents to report on their attitudes,
perceptions, or behaviors. Thus, survey
studies aim at describing characteristics,
opinions, and attributes as they currently
exist in a population.

A

Survey Studies

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19
Q

In a ______ study, the outcome of
interest has already occurred at the time
the study is initiated. A retrospective
study design allows the investigator to
formulate ideas about possible
associations and investigate potential
relationships.

A

Retrospective

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20
Q

The data are collected at a single point in
time. The design requires subjects who
are at different points, or phases of an
experience. The subjects are assumed to
represent data collected from different
time periods.

A

Cross-sectional

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21
Q

Unlike in the cross-sectional survey, the
researcher collects data from same
people at different times.

A

Longitudinal

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22
Q

This design aims to gather more information on certain characteristics within a particular field of study.

A

descriptive

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23
Q

This design is used to compare and contrast representative samples from two or more groups of subjects in relation to the variables involved in the study.

A

comparative

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24
Q

This design is used to investigate the direction and magnitude of relationships among variables in a particular population.

A

correlational

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25
Q

This design involves making a judgment of worth or value. It allows the researcher to provide information that is useful for judging when conducting a program or service. It can be formative or summative.

A

evaluative

26
Q

Experimental Designs

A

True Experiment Design
•Pretest-posttest control design
•Posttest only control group
•Solomon four-group
Quasi-Experimental Designs
•Non equivalent
•Time Series
Pre-Experimental Designs
•One-shot case study
•One group pre-test post-test

27
Q
  1. the researcher manipulates over the independent variable
  2. the research has control
  3. there is at least one experimental and one comparison/ control group
  4. the subjects are randomly assigned
  5. the control group does not receive treatment
A

True experimental design

28
Q

R O1 X O2
R O1 O2

A

PRETEST-POSTTEST CONTROL GROUP DESIGN

29
Q

R X O2
R O2

A

POSTTEST ONLY CONTROL GROUP DESIGN

30
Q

R O1 X O2
R O1 O2
R X O2
R O2

A

SOLOMON FOUR - GROUP DESIGN

31
Q

A design in which either there is no
control group or the subjects are not
randomly assigned to groups.

A

⭐ QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN

32
Q

O1 X O2
O1 O2

A

NON-EQUIVALENT CONTROL GROUP DESIGN

33
Q

O1 O2 03 X O4 05 06

A

TIME-SERIES DESIGN

34
Q

A design in which the researcher has
little control over the research. A very
weak design.

A

PRE-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN

35
Q

X O

A

ONE-SHOT CASE STUDY

36
Q

O1 X O2

A

ONE-GROUP PRETEST POST-TEST DESIGN

37
Q

is the entire group that you want to draw
conclusions about.

A

population

38
Q

reports from this group are true
representation of information.

A

population

39
Q

parameter is a numeric characteristic of a
population.

A

population

40
Q

is a subset that represents the entire
population.

A

sample

41
Q

group where you will collect data from.

A

sample

42
Q

statistic is a numeric characteristic of a
sample.

A

sample

43
Q

The larger the sample, the _______.

A

more reliable the results of the study.

44
Q

When the total is equal or less than 100, this same number may serve as the sample size.

A

universal sampling

45
Q

Slovin’s Formula

A

sample size = N/(1+Ne²)

46
Q

Sampling Techniques

A

Probability Sampling
Non-probability Sampling

47
Q

uses randomization and takes steps to ensure all members of a population have a chance of being selected. also called the scientific sampling

A

Probability Sampling

48
Q

Variations of Probability sampling:

A
  1. Simple Random Sampling
  2. Stratified Random Sampling
  3. Systematic Random Sampling
  4. Cluster Random Sampling
49
Q

every member has an equal chance.

A

Simple Random Sampling

50
Q

population divided into subgroups and members are randomly selected from each group.

A

Stratified Random Sampling

51
Q

uses a specific system to select members such as every 3rd person on the list. sampling interval= N/n

A

Systematic Random Sampling

52
Q

divides the population into clusters, every members from the selected cluster are considered as samples.

A

Cluster Random Sampling

53
Q

does not rely on the use of randomization techniques to select members. This is typically done in studies where randomization is not possible in order to obtain a representative sample.

A

Non-probability Sampling

54
Q

Variations of Non-probability sampling:

A
  1. Convenience or Accidental Sampling
  2. Purposive Sampling
  3. Proportional and Non-proportional Quota Sampling
  4. Diversity Sampling
  5. Snowball Sampling
55
Q

members of units are selected based on availability.

A

Convenience or Accidental Sampling

56
Q

members of a particular group are purposefully sought after.

A

Purposive Sampling

57
Q

/members are sampled until exact proportions of certain types of data are obtained/ or /until sufficient data in different categories is collected/

A

proportional and non-proportional quota sampling

58
Q

members are selected intentionally across the possible types of responses to capture all possibilities.

A

Diversity Sampling

59
Q

members are sampled and then asked to help identify other members to sample and this process continues until enough samples are collected.

A

Snowball Sampling

60
Q

Keep it up

A

Yes!!!

PR2 Q2 (1 decks)

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