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Clinical Microscopy > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Centrifugation of urine

A

400 RCF for 5 min

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2
Q

Type of microscope used for urine sediments with low refractive indices (hyaline casts, mixed cellular casts, mucous threads & trichomonas

Also used for platelet count

A

Phase-contrast microscopy

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3
Q

Used for identification of cholesterol in oval fat bodies, fatty casts, and crystals in urine

A

Polarizing microscopy

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4
Q

This type of microscope is used for the identification of Treponema pallidum

A

Darkfield microscopy

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5
Q

This type of microscope produces a three-dimensional microscopy-image and layer-by-layer imaging specimen

A

Interference contrast

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6
Q

Differential-interference contrast

A

Nomarski

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7
Q

Modulation contrast

A

Hoffman

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8
Q

This part of the microscope regulates the intensity of light

A

Rheostat

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9
Q

This part of the microscope perform the initial magnification of specimen

A

Objective

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10
Q

This part of the microscope control the amount of light and angle of light that will pass through the specimen and lens

A

Aperture diaphragm

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11
Q

Sternheimer stain is composed of

A

Crystal violet & Safranin

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12
Q

Hansel stain is composed of

A

Methylene blue & Eosin Y

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13
Q

This stains eosinophilic granules in urine

A

Hansel stain

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14
Q

This stain enhances nuclear details

A

Toluidine blue

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15
Q

This stains structure containing iron

A

Prussian blue

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16
Q

Swollen/ghost cell/shadow cell is found in

A

Hypotonic urine

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17
Q

WBC are distinguished from RBC using what reagent?

A

2% Acetic acid (Lyse RBC)

18
Q

These are pale blue leukocytes seen in dilute or hypotonic urine usually producing a sparkling appearance in their cytoplasm

A

Glitter cell

19
Q

___ eosinophils is significant associated with drug induced interstitial nephritis (UTI & Renal transplant)

A

> 1% Eosinophil

20
Q

Also known as transitional epithelial cells

A

Urothelial/Caudate

21
Q

These are squamous epithelial cells studded with Gardnerella vaginalis

A

Clue cells

22
Q

These are lipid-containing renal tubular cells found in lipiduria

A

OVAL FAT BODIES

23
Q

These are renal tubular epithelial cell containing large, nonlipid filled vacuoles

A

Bubble cells

24
Q

Casts are primarily formed within the lumen of

A

DCT & CD

25
Q

Casts with tapered ends produced at the junction of ascending loop of Henle & DCT

A

Cylindroid

26
Q

What type of cast is present even in the mildest kind of renal disease

A

Hyaline cast

27
Q

This cast is made up of RTE cells attached to a protein matrix

A

Epithelial cells

28
Q

Known as the renal failure cast

A

Broad cast

29
Q

This cast indicates destruction (widening) of the tubular walls

A

Broad cast

30
Q

These are smooth, colorless, usually ovoid cells with doubly refractile walls

A

Yeast cells

31
Q

Most frequent parasite encountered in the urine associated with “ping-pong” dx

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

32
Q

Most common fecal contaminant in urine

A

Enterobius vermicularis

33
Q

Normal urine microscopic findings

RBC:
WBC:
Hyaline Cast:

A

RBC: 0-2/HPF
WBC: 0-5/HPF
Hyaline cast: 0-2/LPF

34
Q

Crystal with brick dust appearance

A

AmOrphous urates

35
Q

Appear as octahedral envelope or two pyramids joined at their bases (Form of CaOx)

A

Dihydrate or Weddelite

36
Q

Monohydrate form of Ca Ox is seen in cases of

A

Ethylene Glycol/Anti-freeze agent poisoning

37
Q

This crystal appear as tiny granular spheres often in pairs (dumbbell forms) or tetrads

A

Calcium carbonate

38
Q

Chorionic gonadotropin is what kind of hormone?

A

Glycoprotein hormone

39
Q

This subunit of chorionic gonadotropin is structurally similar to luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone

A

Alpha chain

40
Q

Pregnancy detects?

A

Beta HCG

41
Q

B-HCG peaks at

A

First trimester of pregnancy

42
Q

Minimum length of scrubbing in handwashing

A

15 to 20 sec

Clinical Microscopy (4 decks)

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