CHAPTER 3 Flashcards
Ethics
Refers to the principles of wright and wrong that individuals use to make choices that guide their behavior.
Ethical Frameworks: 5 standards
Utilitarian approach
States that ethical action is the one that provides the most good or does the least harm
Rights Approach
States that ethical action is the one that best protects and respects the moral rights of the affected parties
Fairness approach
States that ethical actions treat all human beings equally, or, if unequally, then fairly, based on some defensible standard
Common good approach
Highlights the interlocking relationships that underlie all societies. This approach argues that respect and compassion for all others are the basis for ethical actions
Deontology approach
States that the morality of an action is based on whether that action itself is right or wrong under a series of rules, rather than based on the consequences of that action.
What are the frameworks for ethics?
There are 2 frameworks (Traditional Approach & GVV Approach (Giving Voice to Values))
Traditional approach - provides a tool for deciding the nature of an action response that you can take
GVV approach - provides tools for dealing with the ethical issue in a cooperative way
Code of Ethics:
A collection of principles intended to guide decision making by members of the organization
3 fundamental tenets of ethics:
Responsibility
This means that you accept the consequences of your decisions and actions
Accountability
Refers to determining who is responsible for actions that were taken
Liability
Is a legal concept that gives individuals the right to recover the damages done to them by other individuals, organizations, or systems
4 categories of ethical issues related to information technology:
Privacy issues
Involve collecting, storing, and disseminating information od individuals
Accuracy issues
Involves the authenticity, fidelity, and correctness of the information that is collected and processed
Property issues
Involves the ownership and value of information
Accessibility issues
Revolves around who should have access to information and whether they should pay a fee for this access
Privacy
Is the right to be left alone and to be free of unreasonable personal intrusions
Information Privacy:
Is the right to determine when, and to what extent, information about you can be gathered or communicated to others. Applies to individuals, groups, and institutions
Digital Dossier
An electronic profile of you and your habits
Profiling
The process of forming a digital dossier
Electronic surveillance:
Is rapidly increasing with the emergence of new technologies. Conducted by employers , the government, and other institutions
Concerns about providing information to record keepers:
Do you know where the records are?
Are the records accurate?
Can you change inaccurate data?
How long will it take to make a change?
How are the data used?
To whom are the data given or sold?
Privacy policies/privacy codes:
Are an organization’s guidelines for protecting the privacy of its customers, clients, and employees
The opt-out model
Permits the company to collect personal information until the customer specifically requests that the data not be collected
The opt-in model
Prohibits an organization from collecting any personal information unless the customer specifically authorizes it
