Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Stuarts > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What were the 2 concerns of the Political Nation about prerogative income?

A
  • It came from them, particularly subsidies.

- It ran the risk of absolutism.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why was the Crown’s income falling when James became king?

A

Elizabeth I had failed to reform the Crown’s finances.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why was there a reluctance to reform the Crown’s finances by monarchs like Elizabeth I?

A

It was more politically safe to plan for the short-term; undertaking drastic long-term reforms would have meant dealing with the intransigent Political Nation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When was the Treaty of London?

A

1604

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What did the Treaty of London do?

A

Made peace with Spain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What was the financial impact of the Treaty of London?

A

It greatly reduced the Crown’s expenditure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How did James view England compared to Scotland?

A

England was the land of plenty compared to Scotland.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When did Parliament grant James I three subsidies to help with his debts?

A

1606

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What did James I do with the three subsidies Parliament gave him in 1606?

A

Gave £44,000 to Scottish courtiers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What was the ante-supper?

A

Two meals were prepared; the first was thrown away as it was just for show.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How much did an ante-supper in 1621 cost?

A

£3,300

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why was James I’s excessive spending not all bad?

A

The political system relied on patronage which much of the money was spent on.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When did James receive a loan from the City of London?

A

1610

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How much did the City of London loan James I in 1610?

A

£100,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When was James I’s first Parliament?

A

1604-1611

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When was James I’s second Parliament?

A

1614

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When was James I’s third Parliament?

A

1621-1622

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When was James I’s fourth Parliament?

A

1624

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When was the Cockayne Project?

A

1614

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What was the Cockayne Project?

A

James I granted the merchant William Cockayne a monopoly on the production and sale of finished cloth to the Netherlands in the hope to raise money for the Crown, but the scheme fell through when the Dutch refused to purchase any cloth from England.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What was the royal debt by 1617?

A

£726,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What was the royal debt by 1620?

A

£900,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What could the Crown do with monopolies?

A

They had the prerogative to sell them off.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When was the Thirty Years War?

A

1618-1648

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Who was the Thirty Years War fought between?

A

Protestants and Catholics?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Why were monopolies a contentious issue?

A

The Crown sold them increasingly for their own financial gain without considering the wider economic implications.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

How many monopolies had James I granted by 1621?

A

More than 100.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

When investigating the sale of monopolies, who did MPs particularly focus on?

A

Giles Mompesson, a relative of the Duke of Buckingham, who had abused his monopoly on the licensing of inns.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

When was the Subsidy Act passed?

A

1624

30
Q

What did the Subsidy Act do?

A

Granted a subsidy of £300,000 to the Crown for warfare but its use had to be supervised by Parliament.

31
Q

When was the Statute of Monopolies passed?

A

1624

32
Q

What did the Statute of Monopolies do?

A

Limited the ability of the Crown to grant monopolies.

33
Q

When did James I die?

A

March 1625

34
Q

Had there been a systematic reform of Crown finances by the time James I died?

A

No

35
Q

What had made the financial position of the Crown weaker by 1625 than it was in 1603?

A

James’ extravagance.

36
Q

Who did Charles I want to financially back to attack the Catholics through Germany?

A

His uncle Christian IV of Denmark.

37
Q

What did Charles I plan to do to Spain after he had become king?

A

Launch a naval attack to capture their shipments of gold from South America.

38
Q

How much did Charles I ask for to join the Thirty Years War?

A

£1 million

39
Q

What was Charles I going to spend the £1 million from Parliament on?

A
  • Backing his uncle in Germany.
  • Financially support the Protestant Dutch.
  • Raise a force of 6000 men to be led by Count Mansfeld.
  • A naval attack on Spanish shipments of gold.
40
Q

Of the £1 million Charles I asked Parliament for, how much did they grant him?

A

They gave him two subsidies, totalling £140,000

41
Q

In addition to only giving Charles I a fraction of the subsidy he asked for, what else did Parliament do that showed their distrust of the new king?

A

They only gave him tonnage and poundage for one year, rather than the usual lifetime grant.

42
Q

Why were Parliament reluctant to grant Charles the money he needed to fight the Thirty Years War?

A

He had refused to explain his position and had simply asked for the money.

43
Q

What was the granting of tonnage and poundage for just one year mainly a target at?

A

Buckingham, as most of the revenue from that tax went to the navy which Buckingham, as Lord High Admiral, was in control of.

44
Q

What was the royal debt by 1629?

A

£2 million

45
Q

What were the greatest sources of expenditure for monarchs?

A

Foreign policy and war.

46
Q

What was the Crown debt by 1608?

A

£600,000

47
Q

Who was James I’s first Lord Treasurer?

A

Sir Robert Cecil

48
Q

What did James I promise Robert Cecil in 1608?

A

Not to give Crown lands away as gifts.

49
Q

What did James I promise Robert Cecil in 1609?

A

Not to grant any gifts or pensions without Cecil’s agreement.

50
Q

What happened to both promises James made Cecil in 1608 and 1609?

A

He failed to keep them both.

51
Q

When was the Book of Bounty published?

A

1608

52
Q

What was the Book of Bounty?

A

A survey of Crown lands that Cecil had hoped would lead to increasing the revenue from them.

53
Q

Who ordered the Book of Bounty to be produced?

A

Sir Robert Cecil, as part of his attempts to solve the problem of Crown finances.

54
Q

What were impositions?

A

A tax on imported goods.

55
Q

When was the Bates Case?

A

1606

56
Q

What was the Bates Case?

A

John Bates refused to pay the imposition on imported currants, arguing Parliament must first approve of the tax. The courts decided that the Crown did not need Parliamentary approval to levy impositions.

57
Q

When was the Book of Bounty issued?

A

1608

58
Q

When was the Book of Rates issued?

A

1608

59
Q

What did the Book of Rates do?

A

Brought impositions into line with inflation of about 1400 goods, raising £70,000 a year for the Crown - the equivalent of a parliamentary subsidy.

60
Q

When did Robert Cecil start negotiating the Great Contract with Parliament?

A

1610

61
Q

What did Robert Cecil want to achieve with the Great Contract?

A

£600,000 subsidy to cover James’ debts and then an annual subsidy of £200,000.

62
Q

What would James I have had to give up as part of the Great Contract?

A

Some feudal rights including income from wardships.

63
Q

What were wardships?

A

The Crown had the right to control lands inherited by anyone under the age of 21 until they came of age.

64
Q

In an attempt to reach agreement over the Great Contract, what act did James promise to agree to but was not seen as enough by MPs?

A

He promised to agree to an act that would prevent him from levying any more impositions without parliament’s consent, as long as the current impositions we left alone.

65
Q

When was the hereditary title ‘baronet’ introduced and why?

A

1611 - because James had allowed courtiers to sell off knighthoods and they had become undervalued so a new one was needed.

66
Q

Who was in charge of Crown finances after 1618?

A

Lionel Cranfield

67
Q

What did Charles I do with the one-year grant of tonnage and poundage?

A

He ignored it, continuing to collect after the year was up.

68
Q

When was the forced loan?

A

1626

69
Q

How did Charles pressure people into paying the forced loan?

A

Everyone was summoned to a public meeting making any refusal to pay an open act of opposition. Charles also personally identified himself with it whereby making it a test of political loyalty.

70
Q

How many people were imprisoned for refusing to pay the forced loan?

A

76

71
Q

How much of the forced loan was collected?

A

£267,000 - about 70%

Stuarts (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions