Chapter 3

Question 1

The gigantic pieces or sections on the lithosphere.

Answer 1

Tectonic Plates

Question 2

are fractures or breaks on the Earth’s surface where rocks on

Answer 2

Faults

Question 3

What is the most studied fault system in the Philippines?

Answer 3

Valley Fault System

Question 4

It is the sudden, rapid shaking of Earth caused by the release of energy stored in rocks, which produces seismic waves.

Answer 4

Earthquakes

Question 5

Causes of Earthquakes

Answer 5

tectonic or volcanic processes

human activities (nuclear explosion and explosive devices)

Question 6

These Earthquakes occur when rocks on the Earth’s crust break due to the movement of tectonic plates

Answer 6

Tectonic Earthquakes

Question 7

These earthquakes occur because of volcanic activities

Answer 7

Volcanic Earthquakes

Question 8

These are the earthquakes that can be predicted or controlled, and this may be due to explosion from a nuclear activity or chemical explosion in facilities.

Answer 8

Anthropogenic Earthquakes

Question 9

It is the point where energy is released.

Answer 9

Focus

Question 10

The point or geographic location on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus.

Answer 10

Epicenter

Question 11

Focal depths of less than 70 km from the surface

Answer 11

Shallow-focus earthquakes

Question 12

Focal depths between 70 km and 300 km from the surface

Answer 12

Intermediate-focus earthquakes

Question 13

Focal depths more than 300 km from the surface

Answer 13

Deep-focus earthquakes

Question 14

The energy released during an earthquake travels as ____

Answer 14

seismic waves

Question 15

Two Major Types of waves

Answer 15

Body and Surface waves

Question 16

It is the fastest seismic wave that travel through solids, liquids, and gases.

Answer 16

primary wave or P wave

Question 17

It is the wave that arrives secondary to the primary wave. It is slower than the P wave and can only travel through solids.

Answer 17

shear wave or S wave

Question 18

TRUE OR FALSE?

The velocities of P waves and S waves are determined by the mass and elasticity of the materials through which they can travel

Answer 18

FALSE (correct: density, not mass)

Question 19

Two types of surface waves?

Answer 19

Rayleigh and Love waves

Question 20

Two types of surface waves?

Answer 20

Rayleigh and Love waves

Question 21

This surface wave cause the surface to move vertically in a wavelike motion and cause much of the destruction associated with earthquakes.

Answer 21

Rayleigh waves

Question 22

This wave move sideways or in a side motion but with no vertical movement.

Answer 22

Love waves

Question 23

It is a complex system of faults that includes the Manila Trench, Philippine Trench, and Philippine Fault System.

Answer 23

Philippine Mobile Belt

Question 24

This may be potentially cause harm to humans and affect their activities, properties, and physical environment.

Answer 24

Earthquake Hazards

Question 25

It results from the vibrations of the ground during an earthquake.

Answer 25

Ground Shaking

Question 26

It is the manifestation of the movement of the fault as it breaks through the surface.

Answer 26

Ground Rupture

Question 27

It occurs when the shaking of the ground due to seismic waves loosens sand and silt that are saturated with water, causing it to behave like liquid.

Answer 27

Liquefaction

Question 28

It occurs when a fault undergoes vertical displacement, causing one block to drop below its present elevation

Answer 28

Ground Subsidence

Question 29

These are destructive sea waves that are generated when the seafloor undergoes sudden vertical movements.

Answer 29

Tsunamis

Question 30

It is the measure of energy released by an earthquake.

Answer 30

Magnitude

Question 30

It is the measure of energy released by an earthquake.

Answer 30

Magnitude

Question 31

It refers to the damage brought about by an earthquake

Answer 31

Intensity