Chapter 3 Flashcards
Importance of calcium
-strengthens bone and teeth
-helps with blood clotting
Importance of sodium
-Preserves nervous system
-Maintains body fluid balance
Importance of iron
-Forms haemoglobin in blood
Importance of iodine
-Synthesises hormones in thyroid gland
Importance of phosphorous
-Strengthens bone and teeth
-Forms nucleic acid in DNA/ RNA
Importance of potassium
-Helps w/ muscle contraction
-Maintain functions of nervous system
Calcium deficiency
-Osteoporosis
-Rickets
Sodium deficiency
Muscle cramps
Iron deficiency
Anaemia
Iodine deficiency
Goitre
Phosphorous deficiency
-Rickets
-Brittle teeth
Potassium deficiency
-Paralysis
-Muscles cramps
Hydrochloric acid is secreted by__________
Stomach
What enzymes in the stomach is secreted?
Hydrochloric acid and protease
What is protease for?
Digest protein into polypeptides
What enzyme reaction takes place in mouth
Starch is broken down by amylase to become maltose
What enzyme small intestine secrete?
Maltase and protease
What does maltase do?
Break down maltose into glucose
Where is maltase found?
Small intestine
In the small intestine, what does protease do?
Digest dipeptides into amino acid
Pancreas in duodenum produces pancreatic juice. What does the juice contain?
(pancreatic) amylase, lipase and protease
In duodenum, starch is turned into?
Maltose
Fat in duodenum is converted to?
Fatty acid+ glyserol
Vitamin B deficiency
-Beri-beri
-Anaemia
Sources of Vitamin K
fish oil, milk, egg yolk
Importance of vit. D
-Helps absorption of calcium
-Strengthen tooth enamel
-Maintain skin health
Source of vit. C
Fruit and vege
Importance of vit. A
-Improve night vision
-Maintain skin health
Vit. E deficiency
-sterility
-miscarriage
Importance of vit. E
-Maintain function of reproductive system
Sources of vit. D
butter, eggs, fish oil, (sunlight)
Sources of vit. B
yeast, liver, eggs
Importance of vit C
-fight diseases
-maintain gum and mouth health
Vit. A deficiency
-night blindness
-skin diseases
Vit C. deficiency
Scurvy (bleeding gums)
Vit. D deficiency
-Rickets
-Toothache
-skin disease
Importance of vit. K
speed up blood-clotting process
Vit. K deficiency
prolonged bleeding
Importance of vit. B
-maintain functions of nervous system
-formation of rbc (red blood cells)
Sources of vit. E
grains, green vege
sources of vit. A
milk, egg yolk, fish oil
