chapter 3

Question 1

geosphere

Answer 1

the solid part of earths that consists of all rock, as well as the soils and loose rocks on earths surface

Question 2

hydrosphere

Answer 2

makes up all the water on or near earths surface

Question 3

crust

Answer 3

is composed almost entirely of light elements

Question 4

mantel

Answer 4

the layer beneath the crust makes up 68% of the mass of earth

Question 5

core

Answer 5

inner most layer

Question 6

lithosphere

Answer 6

cool rigid layer 15km to 300 km thick that includes the crust and upper most part layer

Question 7

asthenosphere

Answer 7

layer beneath lithosphere

Question 8

tectonic plate

Answer 8

glide across the underlying asthenosphere in much same way a chunk of ice drifts across a pond

Question 9

chemical

Answer 9

the scientific study of the chemical and biochemical phenomena that occur in natural places

Question 10

weathering

Answer 10

the breaking down or dissolving of rocks and minerals on Earths surface.

Question 11

erosion

Answer 11

transports the materials elsewhere

Question 12

atmosphere

Answer 12

nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and other gasses

Question 13

troposphere

Answer 13

almost all the weather occurs in this layer

Question 14

stratosphere

Answer 14

separated from troposphere by the tropopause

Question 15

ozone

Answer 15

made up of three oxygen atoms

Question 16

radiation

Answer 16

is the transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves

Question 17

conduction

Answer 17

is the transfer of energy in the form of heat from warmer object to cooler object

Question 18

convention

Answer 18

transfer of energy that takes place when vibrations in temp. move the matter making up air

Question 19

greenhouse effect

Answer 19

gasses absorb and reradiate infrared radiation near earth

Question 20

water cycle

Answer 20

movement of water into the air, onto the air, and then back into water sources

Question 21

evaporation

Answer 21

liquid water is heated by the sun and the rises into the atmosphere as water vapor

Question 22

condensation

Answer 22

the process by which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water.

Question 23

precipitation

Answer 23

any liquid or frozen water that forms in the atmosphere and falls back to the Earth.

Question 24

salinity

Answer 24

of ocean water is the concentration of all the dissolved salts it contains

Question 25

fresh water

Answer 25

a little more than 3% of all the water on earth is fresh water

Question 26

biosphere

Answer 26

the regions of the surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere of the earth