Chapter 29- Respiratory System Flashcards
Alveoli
Tiny air sacs
Apnea
Absence of breathing for more than 19 seconds
Arterial blood gases ( ABG’s)
Measurements of oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood
Asphyxia
Suffocation
Asthma
Chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchi and is related to the same process that causes allergic reactions
Bronchi
The two main branches of the trachea extending into the lungs that are a passageway for air into the lungs
Bronchodilators
Medication that open the bronchial passages
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Progressive chronic usually irreversible respiratory system condition in which the lungs have diminished capacity for inhalation and exhalation
Cilia
Small hairlike projections that cover the surface of some cells; The nose they trap dust,pollen, and other foreign matter to prevent them from entering the nasal cavity
Common cold
Viral infection of the upper respiratory tract
Cyanosis
Bluish discoloration of the skin and nail beds due to lack of oxygen in the tissues
Diaphragm
The dome -shaped muscle below the lungs that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity
Dyspnea
Difficulty breathing
Emphysema
Long term progressive disease of the lung
Epiglottis
Flap of tissue that covers the trachea during swallowing
Expiration
Exhalation
Hay fever
Seasonal allergy that causes inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose and eyes ; also called seasonal allergic rhinitis or pollinosis
Hemoptysis
Formation of blood cells
Hilum
Bases of the lungs;the notch in the concave border of each kidney
Hypoxia
Insufficient oxygen supply to the tissues caused by ischemia and infarction
Influenza
Commonly called the flu, is an illness caused by viruses that infect the respiratory tract
Inspiration
Inhalation
Larynx
Voice box
Legionnaire’s disease
Type of pneumonia or lung infection caused by breathing in a mist of water that had been contaminated with the legionella bacterium
Lung cancer
Affects the lung tissue
Lungs
Large somewhat cone shaped organs in the chest
Nares
The external entrances are the nostrils
Orthopnea
Condition in which the patient had trouble breathing unless a certain position is maintained( such as with head elevated) ( you would place them in the ____position )
Pertussis
Or whooping cough is a bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract
Pharynx
Tube about 5 inches long formed from muscle and membrane that lies behind and connects the nose, the mouth and the larynx
Pleura
Made up of thin sheets of epithelium, covers the outside of the lungs and the inside of the lungs and the inside of the thoracic cavity
Pleurisy
Or pleuritis is an inflammation of the membrane that surrounds and protects the lungs (the pleura)
Pneumonia
Is an inflammation of the lung or lungs caused by bacteria , viruses,fungi , or chemical irritants
Pulmonary edema
Condition in which fluid accumulates in the alveoli of lungs
Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
Is a blood clot in the lungs
Septum
Is a wall of cartilage that is lined with mucous membrane
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
Recently identified respiratory illness that first infected people in parts of Asia,North America, and Europe in early 2003
Sinuses
Cavities
Sinusitis
An infection or inflammation of the mucous membrane that line the inside of the nose and the sinus cavities
Surfactant
The cells of the alveoli produce a fatty substance
Tonsils
Lymphoid tissues in the pharynx, consisting of the pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids), palatine tonsils , and lingual tonsils
Trachea
Or windpipe , is a cartilaginous tube about 1 inch wide and 4.5 inches long that extends from the larynx in the throat to the bronchi in the best cavity
Tuberculosis (TB)
Contagious disease caused by the bacterium mycobacterium tuberculosis
