Chapter 29- Intravenous Therapy Flashcards
air embolism (embolus)
air bubbles in the vascular space that may obstruct cirulation
central venous catheter
catheter whose tip is placed in the superior vena cava or at the entrance of the right atrium
colloid
fluids that contain protein or starch molecules
crystalloid
fluids that are clear
cycling
interruption of an intravenous infusion for a period of time
electronic infusion device
“EID”; a drip chamber
hemolysis
red blood cell destruction
hemolytic transfusion reaction
when a donors blood is incompatible with the recipients blood, hemolysis occurs as the antibodies in the recipients blood quickly react to the donors blood cells; symptoms are immediate and include facial flushing, fever, chills, headache,low back pain, tachycardia, dyspnea, hypotension, and blood in the urine
hypertonic
of greater concentration than in body fluids
infiltration
abnormal or accidental seepage or deposition of a substance into the tissues; accidental administration of IV fluids into subcutaneous tissues that occur when the needle or catheter becomes dislodged from the vein
intravenous therapy
infusion of fluid into a vein to treat or to prevent fluid and electrolyte or nutritional imbalances; may be used to deliver medications or blood products
isotonic
osmotic concentration equal to that of body fluids
needless systems adapters
equiptment for intravenous therapy
osmolarity
concentration of solutes in a sloution expressed as milliosmols per liter
parenteral nutrition
nutrition elements supplied through an intravenous route, usually into a central vein
peripherally inserted central catheter
long-line catheter made of soft silicone or Silastic material that is placed peripherally but delivers medications and solutions centrally
phlebitis
inflammation or infection of a vein, manifested by redness, swelling, and tenderness along the course of the vein
positional IV
term used when position changes cause the neede bevel or catheter to rest against a vein wall
thrombophlebitis
blood clot that accompanies vein inflammation
totalparenteral nutrition (TPN)
admnistration of hypertonic solutions containing dextrose, proteins, vitamins, and minerals to provide for nutrition defecits
transfusion
introduction of whole blood or blood components (packed red cells, plasma, platelets) directly ito a clients circulatory system
veripuncture
insertion of a needle or catheter into a vein
