Chapter 29 Chest Injuries Flashcards
Cardiac Tamonade
compression of the heart as the result of a buildup of blood or other fluids in the pericardial sac, leading to decreased cardiac output.
Closed Chest Injury
injury to the chest in which the skin is not broken, usually caused by blunt trauma.
commotio cordis
blunt chest injury caused by a sudden, direct low to the chest that occurs only during the ciritical portion of a person’s heartbeat.
Crepitus
grating or grinding sensation caused by fractured bone ends or joints rubbing together.
Flail Chest
condition in which 3 or more ribs are fractured in 2 or ore places or in association with a fracture to the sternum so that a segment of the chest wall is effectively detached from the rest of the thoracic cage.
Flutter Valve
one-way valve that allows air to leave the chest cavitiy but not return; formed by taping 3 side of an occlusive dressing to the chest wall, leaving the 4th side open as a valve; may also be a part of a commercial vented occlusive dressing.
Hemopneumothorax
the accumulation of blood and air in the pleural space of the chest.
Hemothorax
collection of blood in the pleural space of the chest.
Myocardial Contusion
bruising of the heart muscle.
Occlusive Dressing
an airtight dressing that protects a wound from air and bacteria; a commercial vented version allows air to passively escape from the chest, while an unvented dressing may be made of petroleum jelly-based gauze, aluminum foil, or plastic.
Open Chest Injury
an injury to the chest in which the chest wall itself is penetrated by a fractured rib or, more frequently, by an external object such as a bullet or knife.