Chapter 29 Chest Injuries Flashcards

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1
Q

Cardiac Tamonade

A

compression of the heart as the result of a buildup of blood or other fluids in the pericardial sac, leading to decreased cardiac output.

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2
Q

Closed Chest Injury

A

injury to the chest in which the skin is not broken, usually caused by blunt trauma.

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3
Q

commotio cordis

A

blunt chest injury caused by a sudden, direct low to the chest that occurs only during the ciritical portion of a person’s heartbeat.

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4
Q

Crepitus

A

grating or grinding sensation caused by fractured bone ends or joints rubbing together.

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5
Q

Flail Chest

A

condition in which 3 or more ribs are fractured in 2 or ore places or in association with a fracture to the sternum so that a segment of the chest wall is effectively detached from the rest of the thoracic cage.

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6
Q

Flutter Valve

A

one-way valve that allows air to leave the chest cavitiy but not return; formed by taping 3 side of an occlusive dressing to the chest wall, leaving the 4th side open as a valve; may also be a part of a commercial vented occlusive dressing.

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7
Q

Hemopneumothorax

A

the accumulation of blood and air in the pleural space of the chest.

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8
Q

Hemothorax

A

collection of blood in the pleural space of the chest.

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9
Q

Myocardial Contusion

A

bruising of the heart muscle.

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10
Q

Occlusive Dressing

A

an airtight dressing that protects a wound from air and bacteria; a commercial vented version allows air to passively escape from the chest, while an unvented dressing may be made of petroleum jelly-based gauze, aluminum foil, or plastic.

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11
Q

Open Chest Injury

A

an injury to the chest in which the chest wall itself is penetrated by a fractured rib or, more frequently, by an external object such as a bullet or knife.

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