Chapter 29

Question 1

acetylcholinesterase

Answer 1

enzyme responsible for the immediate

breakdown of acetylcholine when released from the nerve ending; prevents overstimulation of cholinergic receptor sites

Question 2

adrenergic receptors

Answer 2

eceptor sites on eff ectors that respond to

norepinephrine

Question 3

alpha-receptors

Answer 3

adrenergic receptors that are found in smooth muscles

Question 4

autonomic nervous system

Answer 4

portion of the central and peripheral nervous systems that, with the endocrine system, functions to maintain internal homeostasis

Question 5

beta-receptors

Answer 5

adrenergic receptors that are found in the heart, lungs, and vascular smooth muscle

Question 6

cholinergic receptors

Answer 6

receptor sites on effectors that respond to

acetylcholine

Question 7

ganglia (ganglion[s])

Answer 7

groups of closely packed nerve cell bodies

Question 8

monoamine oxidase (MAO)

Answer 8

enzyme that breaks down norepinephrine to make it inactive

Question 9

muscarinic receptors

Answer 9

cholinergic receptors that also respond to

stimulation by muscarine

Question 10

nicotinic receptors

Answer 10

cholinergic receptors that also respond to

stimulation by nicotine

Question 11

parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 11

“rest-and-digest” response mediator that contains central nervous system (CNS) cells
from the cranium or sacral area of the spinal cord, long preganglionic axons, ganglia near or within the effector tissue, and short postganglionic axons that react with cholinergic receptors

Question 12

sympathetic nervous system

Answer 12

“fight-or-fl ight” response mediator; composed of CNS cells from the thoracic or lumbar areas, short preganglionic axons, ganglia near the spinal cord, and long postganglionic axons that react with adrenergic receptors