Chapter 29

Question 1

_____ is a cell that supports neurons

Answer 1

Neuroglial cell

Question 2

_____ responds to a specific internal or external stimulus and signals another neuron.

Answer 2

Sensory neurons

Question 3

_____ receive signals from and sends signals to other neurons.

Answer 3

Inter neurons

Question 4

_____ receives signals from another neuron and sends signals to a muscle or gland.

Answer 4

Motor neurons

Question 5

_____ consists of the brain and spinal cord. It is where most inter neurons reside in.

Answer 5

Central nervous system

Question 6

_____ are nerves that extend through the body and carry signals to and from the central nervous system.

Answer 6

Peripheral nervous system.

Question 7

_____ monitor and regulate the internal state of the body; they control smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands.

Answer 7

Autonomic nerves

Question 8

_____ ,omit or the body’s position and the external environment; they control skeletal muscle.

Answer 8

Somatic nerves

Question 9

_____ are cytoplasmic branches that receive chemical signals sent by other neurons.

Answer 9

Dendrite

Question 10

_____ are cytoplasmic extensions that sends messages.

Answer 10

Axons

Question 11

_____ is the voltage differences across a cell membrane. It is the potential energy of charges separated by a cell membrane.

Answer 11

Membrane potential

Question 12

_____ is membrane potential of a neuron at rest (-70 milivolts).

Answer 12

Resting potential

Question 13

_____ is a brief reversal of the charge difference across a neuron membrane. It occurs when the neuron becomes excited. “All or nothing”

Answer 13

Action potential

Question 14

_____ pumps actively and transports 3 sodium ions (Na+) out of a neuron for every 2 potassium ions (K+) they pump in.

Answer 14

Sodium-potassium

Question 15

_____ is a region where a neuron’s axon terminals transmits signals to another cell.

Answer 15

Synapse

Question 16

_____ is a neurotransmitter released at neuromuscular junctions and at synapses in the heart and brain which binds to receptors on a muscle fiber.

Answer 16

Acetylcholine

Question 17

_____ is a chemical signal released by axon terminals.

Answer 17

Neurotransmitter

Question 18

_____ is a synapse between a neuron and a muscle

Answer 18

Neuromuscular junction

Question 19

_____ is the summation of excitatory and inhibitory signals by postsynaptic cell.

Answer 19

Synaptic integration

Question 20

_____ is an insulating material that wraps most axons and increases the speed of signal transmission.

Answer 20

Myelin

Question 21

_____ is a set of nerves that control skeletal muscle and relay signals from joints and skin.

Answer 21

Somatic nervous system

Question 22

_____ is a set of nerves that relay signals to and from internal organs and to glands.

Answer 22

Autonomic nervous system

Question 23

_____ of the autonomic system, this increases their output in times of stress and danger. They are neurons of the autonomic system that prepare the body for danger or excitement, and has a sympathetic ganglia that are close to the spinal cord.

Answer 23

Sympathetic neurons

Question 24

_____ are neurons of the autonomic system that encourages housekeeping tasks. Their ganglia are in or near the organs they effect.

Answer 24

Parasympathetic neurons

Question 25

The _____ is a portion of central nervous system that connects peripheral nerves with the brain.

Answer 25

Spinal cord

Question 26

_____ is a three membrane that covers and protects the central nervous system.

Answer 26

Meninges

Question 27

Meninges consists of ____, _____, and _____.

Answer 27

Dura mater Arachnoid mater Pia mater

Question 28

_____ fluid fills the space between the meninges, the central canal of the spinal cord, and the ventricles within the brain.

Answer 28

Cerebrospinal

Question 29

_____ are automatic responses to stimulation that occurs without conscious thought or learning.

Answer 29

Reflexes

Question 30

_____ is a protective barrier that prevents unwanted substances from entering cerebrospinal fluid.

Answer 30

Blood brain barrier

Question 31

_____ is the hindbrain region that controls breathing rhythm and reflexes such as coughing, vomiting and sneezing.

Answer 31

Medulla Oblongata

Question 32

_____ helps control breathing and is the hindbrain region between medulla oblongata and midbrain

Answer 32

Pons

Question 33

_____ is the hindbrain region that controls posture and coordinates voluntary movement.

Answer 33

Cerebellum

Question 34

_____ is the forebrain region that controls higher functions.

Answer 34

Cerebrum

Question 35

_____ is the forebrain region that relays signals to the cerebrum.

Answer 35

Thalamus

Question 36

The _____ is the center for homeostasis control of the internal environment.

Answer 36

Hypothalamus (Under the Thalamus)

Question 37

_____ is the outer gray matter layer of the cerebrum. It is the region for most complex behaviors.

Answer 37

Cerebral Cortex

Question 38

_____ is the region of frontal lobe that controls voluntary movement.

Answer 38

Primary Motor Cortex

Question 39

_____ is a group of brain structures that governs emotions. They encircle the upper brain stem. It also includes the hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala and adjacent structures.

Answer 39

Limbic System

Question 40

_____ is a cell that transmits electrical signals along its plasma membrane and chemical messages to other cells.

Answer 40

Neurons