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Childrearing & Pediatric > Chapter 28 School-Age Child G&D (E2) > Flashcards

Chapter 28 School-Age Child G&D (E2) Flashcards

1
Q

From 6 - 12 years of age, children grow an average of ______ inches per year

A

2.5

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2
Q

Children 6 - 12 years of age will increase the height by …

A

at least 1 foot

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3
Q

Children from 6 - 12 years will increase their weight by ______ per year

A

7 pounds

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4
Q

Brain growth is complete by the time the child is ….

A

10 years of age

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5
Q

In school-age children, there are fewer respiratory infections due to

A

respiratory maturity and development of the lungs and alveoli

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6
Q

The frontal sinuses are developed by

A

7 years of age

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7
Q

The school-age child’s blood pressure ____________ and the pulse rate _______________.

A

Blood pressure INCREASES

Pulse rate DECREASES

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8
Q

The retention of food for longer periods of time, and fewer GI upsets occur in the school-age child because

A

Stomach capacity increases

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9
Q

The caloric needs of the school-age child is ____________ than in earlier years

A

lower

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10
Q

The formula for bladder capacity is …

A

age in years plus 2 ounces

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11
Q

Prepubescence typically occurs

A

2 years before the beginning of puberty

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12
Q

Prepubescence is characterized by

A

the development of secondary sexual characteristics ….

a period of rapid growth for girls
a period of continued growth for boys

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13
Q

Lymphatic tissues continue to grow until

A

9 years of age

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14
Q

Immunoglobulins A and G reach adult levels around

A

10 years of age

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15
Q

Ericksons theory in school-age children

A

Industry vs Inferiority

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16
Q

Piagets theory in school-age children

A

Concrete operational

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17
Q

Kohlbergs theory in school-age children

A

Conventional
Stage 3: Interpersonal conforming, “good child, bad child” 7-10yrs
Stage 4: “law and order” 10-12yrs

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18
Q

Freuds theory in school-age children

A

Latency

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19
Q

Erickson Stage Activites include:

A
  • Interested in how things are made and run
  • Success in personal and social tasks
  • Increased activites outside home
  • Increased interactions with peers
  • Increased interest in knowledge
  • Needs support and encouragement from important people in childs life
  • Needs support when child is not successful
  • Inferiority occurs with repeated failures with little support or trust from those who are important to the child
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20
Q

Ocular muscular control, peripheral vision, and color discrimination is fully developed by the time the child is __________ years old

A

7

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21
Q

Some problems identified in the sensory development of school-age children include:

A
  • amblyopia (lazy eye)
  • uncorrected refractive errors
  • other eye defects
  • Strabismus (malalignment of the eyes)
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22
Q

What is amblyopia?

A

“lazy eye”

reduced vision in an eye that has not been adequately used during early development

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23
Q

Leading cause of visual impairment in children

A

Amblyopia (lazy eye)

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24
Q

What is strabismus?

A

One eye being more nearsighted, farsighted, or astigmatic than the other eye

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25
Q

If amblyopia isn’t treated by age 9 ….

A

can cause irreversible visual loss.

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26
Q

How is amblyopia treated?

A

with glasses or patching

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27
Q

How is sense of smell tested in school-age children?

A

using scents that children in general are familiar with, such as chocolate or other familiar odors

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28
Q

How is sense of touch tested in school-age children?

A

Using objects to discriminate cold from hot, soft from hard, and blunt from sharp

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29
Q

Health care visits throughout the school-age period focus on ….

A

expected growth and development
and
anticipatory guidance

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30
Q

The school-age child is often concerned most about _______ &/or ________________________, during hospitalization

A

pain
&/or
changes that may occur to his or her body

31
Q

During hospitalization, the school-age child may _________ and exhibit behaviors of a younger child

A

regress

32
Q

Hospitalization for the school-age child can bring with it a loss of __________

A

control

33
Q

During hospitalization of the school-age child, the nurse must use knowledge of normal growth & development to recognize

A
  • potential delays
  • promote continued appropriate growth & development
  • successful interaction with the child
34
Q

Three things the nurse can do for the school-age child during hospitalization :

A
  • provide opportunities to maintain independance
  • provide opportunity for the child to gain control
  • increase self-esteem
35
Q

Why might the school-age child be more susceptible to accidents and injuries?

A

Increased independance
Increased self-confidence
Decreased fears

36
Q

Name 11 areas that safety & interventions should be discussed with the school-age child

A
  • Car safety
  • Pedestrian safety
  • Bike safety: general
  • Bike safety: traffic
  • Sports safety
  • Skateboarding and inline skating safety
  • All-terrain vehicle safety
  • Fire safety
  • Water safety
  • Firearm safety
  • Toxin safety
37
Q

Children under the age of ______ years must sit in the back seat

A

12

38
Q

Seat belt or age- and weight-appropriate booster seat should be used at all times ….

A

until 80 pounds
&
4’-9” tall

39
Q

Why is the front seat dangerous for a school-age child?

A

because of passenger-side airbags in most new-model cars

40
Q

Common developmental concerns for school-age children

A
  • Television & video games
  • Obesity
  • School phobia
  • Latchkey kids
  • Stealing
  • Lying
  • Cheating
  • Bullying
  • Tobacco & alcohol education
41
Q

Antisocial behaviors that emerge in school-age children include

A

Stealing, lying and cheating

42
Q

Children between the ages of ___________ years old do not fully understand the concept of ownership and property rights

A

6-8

43
Q

By age 9, children should respect ….

A

others’ possessions and property
&
understand stealing is wrong

44
Q

Reasons the school-age child might steal ….

A
  • he or she desires the item
  • feels peer pressure & is trying to impress peers
  • has sense of low self-esteem
45
Q

When does stealing become a concern?

A

When the child does not have remorse or continuously steals
& / or
stealing is accompanies by other behavior problems

46
Q

Lying is more common in …

A

boys
&
children between 5-8 years old

47
Q

Why do children ages 8-12 years old typically lie?

A
  • they are unable to meet expectations of family and peers
  • they are testing the rules and limits placed on them
  • unable to explain bad behavior
48
Q

Concept of cheating is not well understood until the child is

A

7 years old

49
Q

Before the age of 7 years old, the desire ____________ is the most important and rigid rules are hard to understand

A

to “win”

50
Q

Why is cheating usually done in school-age children?

A
  • because of competition

- strong pressure placed of the child to succeed

51
Q

The successful resolution of developmental tasks for the school-age child, according to Erikson, would be identified by:

 a) learning from repeating tasks
 b) developing a sense of worth and competence
 c) using fantasy and magical thinking to cope with problems
 d) developing a sense of trust
A

b. developing a sense of worth and competence

52
Q

Which of the following are reasons that stealing occurs in school-age children? (SATA)

 a. to escape punishment
 b. high self-esteem
 c. low expectations of family / peers
 d. lack of sense of propriety
 e. strong desire to own something
A

c, d, e

53
Q

With entrance into the school system, school-age children have the influences of

A

peers & teachers

54
Q

Visual acuity is reaching maturation and 20/20 vision by

A

7 years of age

55
Q

Increased independence leads to

A

increased exposure to safety hazards

56
Q

The school-age child develops the cognitive ability to

A

classify objects and to identify relationships among objects

57
Q

Very important to school-age children are …

A

peers, especially peers of the same sex

58
Q

School age children are capable of ….

They continue to need ….

A

concrete operations, solving problems, making decisions

guidance, rules, and direction from parents

59
Q

School-age children develop a

A

conscience and knows cultural and social values

60
Q

Which practices will the school-age child incorporate into his or her life, that may be a source of comfort during stressful times?

A

religious practices

61
Q

The nurses role for the school-age child is

A

educating parents

promoting health and safety

62
Q

How can the nurse promote self-esteem and self-confidence in the school age child?

A

by informing the child about expected developmental changes in the body

63
Q

Ways to develop self-worth is termed ____________

A

industry

64
Q

Feelings of inability or not measuring up to the abilities of others

A

Inferiority

65
Q

Gritting or grinding of teeth

A

Bruxism

66
Q

Malocclusion

A

Improper teeth alignment

67
Q

Caries

A

Tooth decay

68
Q

Changes in breast development and genitalia during late school age or early adolescent

A

Secondary sexual characteristics

69
Q

Principle of conservation

A

Matter does not change when forms change

70
Q

Body image

A

the perception of one’s body

71
Q

The nurse is about to see a 9yr old for a well child check up. Knowing that the child is in Piagets period of concrete operational thought, which of the following characteristics will the child display?

 a. the child can consider an action and its consequences
 b. the child views the world in terms of her own experience
 c. the child makes generalized assumptions about groups of things
 d. the child knows lying is bad because she gets sent to her room for it.
A

a.

72
Q

The nurse is educating the parents of a 6yr old boy how to manage the childs introduction into elementary school. The child has an easy temperament. Which of the following would the nurse most likely suggest?

 a. comforting the child when he is frustrated
 b. helping the child deal with minor stresses
 c. schedule several visits to the school before classes start
 d. being firm with the anticipated episodes of moodiness and irritability
A

b.

73
Q

The school-age child typically values ….

A

School Attendance

School Activites

Childrearing & Pediatric (7 decks)

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