Chapter 28: Hematologic and Renal Emergencies Flashcards
Blood cells that transport oxygen to the cells of the body are:
Red
Blood cells that are critical in response to infection and mediate the body’s immune response are:
White
The part of the blood responsible for clotting is:
Platelets
The liquid part of blood is called:
Plasma
A disease caused by a genetic defect in a patient’s hemoglobin is called:
Sickle Cell Disease
Patients whose kidneys can no longer provide filtration and fluid balance have:
End-stage renal disease
Renal patients whose blood is filtered through a specialized machine are undergoing:
Hemodialysis
The vibration that can be felt by the EMT when a patient’s AV fistula is gently palpated is called:
Thrill
The extreme pain felt by sickle cell patients during a crisis results primarily from the sludging and accumulation of:
Red blood cells
End-stage renal patients who miss their dialysis treatments are at high risk for:
Cardiac arrest
A person who lacks a normal number of red blood cells is said to be [_____].
Anemic
Patients with sickle cell disease have abnormal, sickle-shaped [_________].
Red blood cells
[__________] is described as the failure of the kidneys to filter the blood and remove toxins and excess fluids from the body.
Renal failure
[________] is the liquid part of the blood that transports nutirients.
Plasma
Patients with end-stage renal disease will require [________].
Dialysis
The two primary types of dialysis are [________] and [_______].
Hemodialysis; Peritoneal dialysis
ESRD patients who miss a dialysis treatment may have symptoms very similar to [______].
Congestive heart failure
The most commonly transplanted organ is the [_______].
Kidney
Renal patients in cardiac arrest may not respond to treatments with the [___________].
Automatic external defibrillator
Sickle cell patients are at higher risk of having the [_______] destroyed by the disease.
Spleen
List the 4 components of blood
- White blood cells
- Red blood cells
- Plasma
- Platelets
List 6 complications from sickle cell disease
- Destruction of spleen
- Jaundice
- Stroke
- Sickle cell pain crisis
- Acute chest syndrome
- Priapism
List 5 signs and symptoms that patients who miss their dialysis treatment may exhibit
- Shortness of breath/respiratory distress
- Fluid accumulation in lungs
- Fluid accumulation throughout the body (hands & feet)
- Electrolyte imbalance
- Heart dysrhythmias
List the 4 steps the EMT should take in treating a sickle cell patient
- Administer supplemental oxygen if the patient is short of breath, has chest pain, or oxygen saturation is below 95%
- Monitor patients with acute chest syndrome for signs of inadequate respiration and provide bag-valve mask ventilation as necessary
- Monitor patients with high fever for signs of hypoperfusion, and treat for shock if necessary
- Transport patients with acute stroke symptoms to a designated stoke center if available
TRUE/FALSE: White blood cells transport oxygen to the cells of the body.
False
TRUE/FALSE: Sickle cell disease is an inherited disease.
True
TRUE/FALSE: Patients with lower than normal red blood cell counts have anemia.
True
TRUE/FALSE: Patients with anemia often have sickle cell disease.
False
TRUE/FALSE: Patients with end-stage renal disease do not require dialysis.
False
TRUE/FALSE: Patients experiencing a sickle cell crisis do not experience severe pain.
False
TRUE/FALSE: End-stage renal patients often miss their dialysis appointments.
True
TRUE/FALSE: Sickle cell anemia results in the destruction of the kidneys.
False
TRUE/FALSE: End-stage renal patients in cardiac arrest may not respond to shocks from an AED.
True
TRUE/FALSE: Blood pressures can be taken in the arm with a fistula.
False
