Chapter 28

Question 1

Origin

Answer 1

End of the muscle that is attached to the least moveable structure

Question 2

Insertion

Answer 2

Other end of the muscle that is attached to the moveable structure

Question 3

Action

Answer 3

Work that is accomplished when muscle fibers contract

Question 4

Muscles of mastication are responsible for

Answer 4

Elevating
Protruding
Retruding
Lateral movements

Question 5

Muscles of mastication

Answer 5

Masseter
Temporal
Medial pterygoid
Lateral pterygoid

Question 6

Masseter muscle

Answer 6

Most powerful (elevates muscles)

Question 7

Temporal muscle

Answer 7

Inserts into coronoid process and elevates mandible

Question 8

Medial pterygoid muscle

Answer 8

Elevate mandible and close mouth

Question 9

Lateral pterygoid muscle

Answer 9

Superior head- fibers penetrate TMJ capsule into disc
Inferior head- fibers insert into neck of condole

Protrudes and depresses mandible

Question 10

Hyoid muscles

Answer 10

Open the mouth (strong depression of mandible)

Question 11

Hyoid bone

Answer 11

Horse shoe shaped bone suspended beneath the mandible

Question 12

2 groups of hyoid muscles

Answer 12

Suprahyoid and infrahyoid

Question 13

What are the suprahyoids

Answer 13

Digastrics
Mylohoid
Geniohyoid
Stylohyoid

Question 14

Digastrics

Answer 14

Contracting - backward pull on mandible (retrudes)

Question 15

2 nerves supplying the digastrics

Answer 15

Anterior - V3

Posterior - VII

Question 16

Mylohoid

Answer 16

Floor of the mouth
From mylohoid line of the mandible to hyoid bone
V3 innervation
Inferior alveolar artery- blood supply

Question 17

Geniohyoid

Answer 17

From genial tubercle to hyoid
Depresses mandible and elevates hyoid
1st. Cranial nerve
Lingual artery - blood supply

Question 18

Stylohoid

Answer 18

Styloid process to hyoid
Hyoid bone backward/upward
CN VII
Facial/occupital arteries

Question 19

What are the infrahyoids

Answer 19

Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid

Question 20

Omohyoid

Answer 20

2 bellies separated by an intermediate tendon
From scapula and hyoid
Crosses under sternocleidomastoid (SCM)

Question 21

Sternohyoid

Answer 21

Upper border of the sternum

Question 22

Sternothyroid

Answer 22

Upper part of sternum to thyroid cartilage

Question 23

Thyrohyoid

Answer 23

From thyroid cartilage to hyoid bone

Question 24

Movements

Answer 24

Protrusion 
Retrusion 
Lateral excursion
Elevation 
Depression

Question 25

Protrusion

Answer 25

Lateral pterygoid muscles

Question 26

Retrusion

Answer 26

Temporal and digastrics

Question 27

Lateral excursions

Answer 27

Lateral pterygoid
(L) pterygoid contracts - mandible goes to the (R)
(R) pterygoid contracts - mandible goes to the (L)

Question 28

Elevation

Answer 28

Medial pterygoid, masseter, and temporal

Question 29

Depression

Answer 29

Lateral pterygoid and hyoids

Question 30

Deglutition

Answer 30

Mastication/swallowing

Question 31

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

Answer 31

Area for referred pain
Palpate to check for enlarged lymph nodes
From mastoid process to sternum and clavicle
Tilting and rotating of head
Innervated by CN XI (spinal accessory nerve)

Question 32

Trapezius muscle

Answer 32

From external occipital protuberance and spinous process of cervical and thoracic vertebrae - scapula and clavicle
Addicted/elevates scapula (adducts- moves towards the midline)
Triangular in shape

Question 33

Muscles of mastication can

Answer 33

Refer pain to the TMJ