chapter 28 Flashcards
major function of transportation for cardiovascular system
carries oxygen, nutrients, cell wastes, hormones
location of the heart
medial cavity of the thorax (mediastinum)
pericardium
enclosure; double walled; 2 parts
fibrous pericardium
loose fitting superficial layer; protects heart and anchors it to diaphragm and sternum
serous pericardium
2 layers
parietal later
visceral layer
epicardium
outermost; visceral layer of serous pericardium
myo means
muscle
myocardium
middle; thick bundles of cardiac muscles
endocardium
thin sheet of endothelium that lines the heart chambers
how many hollow chambers
4
how are the chambers broken down
2 atria and 2 ventricles
each lined with endocardium
atria
superior; receiving chambers
ventricles
inferior; discharging chambers, pumps of the heart; thick walled
inter ventricular/ interatrial septum
divides the heart longitudinally
how many flows do the 4 valves have
1
atrioventricular valves
atria to ventricles
semulunar valves
pulmonary valve
aortic valve
right valves
tricuspid 3 flaps
left valves
bicuspid 2 flaps
blood supply that oxygenates and nourishes the heart provided by the left and right
coronary arteries
coronary arteries
branch from the base of the aorta and wrap around the heart at the coronary sulcus
major branches of the coronary arteries
anterior interventicular and circumflex arteries
posterior inter ventricular and marginal arteries
sympathetic stimulation
accelerator nerves
parasympathetic stimulation
inhibitory/depressor nerves
sinoatrial (SA) node is the
pacemaker
conduction of the heart has 4 major structure
sinoatrial node
atrioventricular node
AV bundle
subendocardial branches
p wave
represents depolarization of the atria
QRS complex
represents depolarization of the ventricles and repolarization of the atria
T wave
represents repolarization of the ventricles
U wave
a tiny hump at the end of the t wave represents repolarization
systolic heart sound
(lub) first sound
diastolic heart sound
(dub) short short sound
