Chapter 28 Flashcards
The nurse is working with a patient who has been diagnosed with tapeworms. The nurse anticipates that the health care provider is most likely to place the patient on which medication?
A) artemether/lumefantrine
B) amantadine HCl
C) atovaquone/proguanil
D) praziquantel
D) praziquantel
Praziquantel is the drug of choice for the treatment of tapeworms.
Which instruction should be included in the education of a patient beginning therapy with metronidazole for diarrhea due to a clostridium infection?
A) take with food
B) monitor pulse daily
C) use sunscreen or wear long sleeves
D) avoid alcohol and products containing alcohol
D) avoid alcohol and products containing alcohol
Patients taking metronidazole should avoid alcohol and products containing alcohol because drinking alcohol while taking metronidazole can cause a disulfiram-like reaction (flushing, dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, and muscular cramps).
The nurse is caring for a patient taking a polymyxin. What should the nurse monitor to identify potential side effects of this medication?
A) hemoglobin and hematocrit
B) blood urea nitrogen and creatinine
C) platelets
D) stool guaiac
B) blood urea nitrogen and creatinine
Polymyxins can cause kidney damage. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine should be closely monitored because they indicate kidney function.
Which instruction should be included in the education of a patient beginning therapy with ivermectin for a helminth infection?
A) take with food
B) monitor pulse daily
C) take on an empty stomach
D) use sunscreen or wear long sleeves
C) take on an empty stomach
Ivermectin should be taken on an empty stomach with water (orange chart on pg. 395). The pulse does not need to be monitored, and the drug does not produce photosensitivity.
A patient who will be traveling to a malaria-infested country is receiving instructions on the prophylactic use of chloroquine. What instruction will the nurse give the patient?
A) start the medication 2 weeks before the trip
B) take the medication for 4 weeks
C) after leaving the affected area, take the medication for a year
D) do not take the medication until you are certain you do not have the disease
A) start the medication 2 weeks before the trip
Treatment for malaria prophylaxis is usually started 2 weeks before travel and continued for 8 weeks after travel is completed.
The nurse is working with a patient who will be traveling to a country where the incidence of malaria is high. The nurse anticipates that the health care provider is most likely to place the patient on which medication?
A) artemether/lumefantrine
B) amantadine HCl
C) atovaquone/proguanil
D) praziquantel
C) atovaquone/proguanil
Of the drugs listed, atovaquone/proguanil is the drug of choice for prevention of malaria.
Which is the most appropriate nursing intervention for a patient who is taking mefloquine and hydroxychloroquine?
A) collect a stool specimen
B) assess the patient’s hearing
C) advise the patient to take showers, not baths
D) encourage female patients to have a Pap test every 6 months
B) assess the patient’s hearing
Anti-malarials may lead to eighth cranial nerve damage and ototoxicity so it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient’s hearing.
Travelers visiting malaria-infested countries are instructed to:
A) avoid mosquitoes in these countries
B) receive immunizations before travel
C) visit these countries only while in good health
D) take prophylactic antibiotics before traveling
D) take prophylactic antibiotics before traveling
Travelers should be instructed to take prophylactic treatment before, during, and after traveling to malaria-infested countries. Currently, there are no immunizations to prevent malaria.
Which information will the nurse include when teaching a patient about anthelmintic therapy?
A) take the medication 1 hour before meals
B) take a bath at least once a day
C) change your sheets every other day
D) be aware that drowsiness may occur
D) be aware that drowsiness may occur
The patient should be taught to not drive a car or operate heavy machinery while taking the medication due to drowsiness that may occur. The medication should be taken after meals to decrease GI distress. The patient should take showers, not baths. The patient should change sheets daily, not every other day.
The nurse is aware that most patients receiving metronidazole are being treated for infections of the:
A) urinary tract
B) gastrointestinal system
C) integumentary system
D) reproductive system
B) gastrointestinal system
A patient is diagnosed with malaria and is prescribed mefloquine hydrochloride. The nurse anticipates that which lab test will be ordered?
A) liver enzymes
B) blood glucose
C) sputum culture and sensitivity
D) white blood cell count
A) liver enzymes
The patient’s renal and liver function would need to be monitored while the patient is taking an antimalarial.
A patient is admitted to the hospital with a multidrug-resistant urinary tract infection. Lab tests show Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Colistimethate sodium is ordered by intramuscular injection. The nurse understands that which of the following is the purpose for this drug?
A) this drug prevents toxic adverse reactions
B) this drug treats multidrug-resistant strains of serious gram-negative infections
C) this drug is safe for patients with renal impairments
D) this drug prevents antibiotic resistance
B) this drug treats multidrug-resistant strains of serious gram-negative infections
This drug can be used to treat urinary tract infections, septicemia, bacteremia, meningitis, and skin infections that involve multidrug-resistant bacteria. This drug can cause nephrotoxicity so it is not safe for patients with renal impairments.
A patient with a history of malaria who is being treated with chloroquine is in the clinic for a follow-up visit. What should the nurse advise the patient to do?
A) get frequent hearing checks
B) take antimalarials before meals
C) get frequent testing of stool specimens
D) check your heart rate before taking this medication
A) get frequent hearing checks
Antimalarials can cause eighth cranial nerve damage and ototoxicity so a patient would need to get his or her hearing checked frequently while on the treatment regimen. Antimalarials can be taken with meals to help prevent GI distress.
A patient is taking thiabendazole for trichinosis. What does the nurse realize about this condition and its treatment?
A) the medication is given for 7 days
B) the medication should be avoided if the patient has renal disease
C) family members should be checked for the same disease
D) proper hygiene must be taught to avoid the spread of disease
D) proper hygiene must be taught to avoid the spread of disease
Trichinosis is acquired by eating raw or undercooked meat contaminated with the parasite Trichinella. Patients should be taught to cook meat at the appropriate temperature and to wash hands with soap and water after handling raw meat.
A 30-year-old woman presents with a recurrence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection, and metronidazole is ordered. The patient’s history reveals which of the following contraindications?
A) a recent pregnancy test is negative
B) she previously took metronidazole and had no side effects
C) she drinks an occasional glass of wine
D) she takes an oral contraceptive
C) she drinks an occasional glass of wine
Patients should avoid consuming alcohol while taking metronidazole.
