Chapter 27 Flashcards
Circulating blood consists of what two portions?
Plasma and formed elements
What procedure is helpful in determining disorders of the blood?
Bone marrow aspiration
What is the most common nutritional deficiency of children in the U.S.?
Iron-deficiency anemia
Is sickle cell disease inherited?
Sickle cell is inherited
What shape are the cells of of sickle cell disease?
Crescent shaped, and are clumped together
What medication should not be used for pain control with children who have sickle cell anemia?
meperidine (Demerol)
Thalassemia causes what?
Massive expansion of the bone marrow
Thalassemia causes changes to what part of the body?
The contour of the child’s skull and face
What is hemophilia A caused by?
a deficiency in coagulation of factor VIII
What is hemophilia B caused by? (Also known as Christmas disease)
a deficiency in coagulation of factor IX
What is a common characteristic sign of hemophilia A?
hemarthrosis: bleeding in the joints
What is a complication of multiple transfusions in hemolytic blood disorders?
Hemosiderosis: deposits of iron in the organs and tissues
What are the signs of transfusion reactions?
chills, itching rash, fever, headache
What is petechiae?
bluish pinpoint lesions on the skin
What is purpuras?
grouping of adjoining petechiae, in other words, lots of bluish pinpoint lesions on the skin
What is ecchymosis?
an isolated bluish lesion larger than a petechiae
What is a hematoma?
a raised ecchymosis
What is the most common form of childhood cancer?
Leukemia
What are four priority challenges in the care of a child with leukemia?
anemia, bleeding, infection, and fractures
What is a nurses main priority with patients being tested for blood disorders that are invasive or painful?
the nurse will need to prepare patient to expect pain, and support both the family and patient during the procedure
What are some nursing components of care for a child with leukemia?
schooling, hydration, nutrition, prevent infection, promote positive self-image, meticulous oral hygiene
What are Reed-Sternberg cells chararcteristic of?
Hodgkin’s disease
Children who are chronically ill must be aided in mastering developmental tasks.
Children who are chronically ill must be aided in mastering developmental tasks.
What are the stages of dying according to Kubler-Ross?
denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance, and reaching out to help others
What can a nurse do to help the family of a dying child?
listening, assessing their needs, reinforcing information, provide privacy, use appropriate phases, open-ended concrete questions and statements
When the patient experiences apprehension and urticaria when receiving a blood transfusion, the nurse:
stops the transfusion, allows normal saline solution to run slowly, and notifies charge nurse
A child who is in a vasoocclusive crisis caused by sickle cell anemia is experiencing acute pain. The nurse understands that meperidine (Demerol) is not an appropriate pain medication to administer to this child because:
it may induce seizures
Which principle whould the nurse teach the parent concerning administering liquid iron preparations to the child with iron-deficiency anemia?
Administer between meals
Thalassemia major (cooley’s anemia) is treated primarily with?
multiple blood transfusions
What is a characteristic manifestation of Hodgkin’s Disease?
Enlarged lymph nodes
