Chapter 27 Flashcards
What radical change did World War I represent in warfare?
- every national resource
- engaged masses of civilians
- strained social and political traditions to breaking point
- Nothing would remain the same
What countries were involved in World War I?
Germany, Austria, Britain, France, Russia, and the United States
What did the British call World War I
The Great War
Why was global involvement of World War I unprecedented?
Because it involved the transformative mobilization of the whole world to battle: “total war”?
What was involved in the transformative mobilization of the whole world to battle: “total war”?
whole world to battle: “total war.”
- young men from the U.S shipped out to Europe
- Indian soldiers marched to Bagdad
- Southeast Asians worked behind the lines on the western front
On June 28, 1914, an heir to the Austrian throne, was assassinated. Who was assassinated and where?
Archduke Ferdinand; assassinated by a Serbian nationalist in the Balkan city of Sarajevo
The long unstable region between Austrian and Ottoman Empire.
The Balkan region
What did the Austrians do as the Ottomans declined?
Austrians asserted themselves there, provoking local nationalists who did not want to escape one empire only to be dominated by another.
Despite their cultural similarities as Slavs and their long history of coexistence, the inhabitants of the Balkans vied one another why? Explain
Over religious differences
- Serbian nationalist members of the Orthodox christian faith, looked to their co-religionist in Russia for support
- Croatian nationalist allied themselves with Catholic Austria
- Bosnian Muslims sided with Ottoman Empire
Why were the feuds between Serbian nationalists, Croatian nationalists, and Bosnian Muslims important.
Because these feuds gathered global importance when Germany supported the Austrians against the Serbs.
Why did German support for Austria in the Balkans anger the Russians and also alarmed the British and French, wary of Germany’s ambition?
- dismissing Otto von Bismark in 1890, Kaiser Wilhelm II has undertaken a more agressive foreign policy.
- His naval buildup caused Britain to reverse its practice of avoiding commitments on the continent
- Likewise the French and Russian government overcame their long-standing mutual distrust
- a series of treaties produced a combination of alliances that divided Europe into two opposing blocs
A series of treaties produced a combination of alliances that divided Europe into opposing blocs name the blocs?
-the Triple Entente of France, Britain, and Russia against the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria, and Italy- with no flexibility for the resolution of any crisis
German emperor whose foreign policy and military buildup changed the European balance of power and laid the foundation for the Triple alliance and the Triple Entente
Kaiser Wilhelm II (1888-1918)
American journalist, traveler, feminist, and author of several books on the Russian Revolution.
Louise Bryant (1885-19360
The assassination of Archducke Ferdinand detonated an explosive confrontation between what two hostile and heavily armed camps
The
