Chapter 27 Flashcards
What is Rights Liberalism?
The idea that the government should protect individuals from discrimination and ensure equal rights.
What does CORE stand for?
Congress of Racial Equality
What was the primary focus of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)?
Civil rights group that used nonviolent protest; helped organize Freedom Rides and voter registration drives.
What are Jim Crow laws?
Laws enforcing segregation and discrimination, mainly in the South.
What was the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters?
The first major Black labor union; advanced civil rights and labor rights for African Americans.
What is ‘To Secure These Rights’?
A 1947 report calling for federal action to end segregation and racial injustice.
Who were the Dixiecrats?
Southern Democrats who opposed desegregation and civil rights reforms.
What is the American GI Forum?
A Latino veterans’ group advocating for civil rights and equal treatment.
What was the outcome of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka?
Landmark Supreme Court case that ruled segregation in public schools unconstitutional.
What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
A year-long protest against segregated buses in Montgomery, sparked by Rosa Parks’ arrest.
What does SCLC stand for?
Southern Christian Leadership Conference
Who led the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)?
MLK Jr.
What was the role of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)?
Youth-led civil rights group involved in sit-ins, Freedom Rides, and voter drives.
What was the March on Washington?
1963 mass protest for civil and economic rights; site of MLK’s ‘I Have a Dream’ speech.
What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 accomplish?
Outlawed segregation and banned discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
What was the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party?
Challenged the all-white Democratic Party in Mississippi; highlighted Black voter suppression.
What did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 do?
Eliminated barriers to Black voting, like literacy tests and poll taxes.
What is Black Nationalism?
Emphasis on racial pride, Black independence, and self-determination.
What is the Nation of Islam?
Black Muslim organization promoting separation from white society and economic independence.
What was the Black Panther Party known for?
Radical group advocating self-defense, community programs, and resistance to police brutality.
What was the Young Lords Organization?
Puerto Rican activist group demanding rights and services for Latino communities.
What is the United Farm Workers (UFW)?
Labor union co-founded by César Chávez and Dolores Huerta to improve conditions for farmworkers.
What is the American Indian Movement (AIM)?
Native American group fighting for sovereignty, treaty rights, and cultural renewal.
Who was A. Philip Randolph?
Labor leader who pushed for racial integration in the defense industry and planned the original March on Washington.
Who was James Farmer?
Co-founder of CORE; organized Freedom Rides to challenge segregation.
Who was Cesar Chavez?
Labor leader and co-founder of UFW; fought for Latino farmworkers’ rights through nonviolence and strikes.
Who was Dolores Huerta?
UFW co-founder and activist who advocated for farmworker and women’s rights.
Who was Thurgood Marshall?
NAACP lawyer in Brown v. Board of Education; first African American Supreme Court Justice.
What was Rosa Parks known for?
Her refusal to give up her bus seat sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
Who was Martin Luther King Jr.?
Leader of the SCLC; championed nonviolent protest and delivered the ‘I Have a Dream’ speech.
Who was Malcolm X?
Influential Black nationalist leader associated with the Nation of Islam; promoted Black empowerment and self-defense.
Who was Stokely Carmichael?
SNCC leader who popularized the term ‘Black Power’ and later joined the Black Panthers.
