Chapter 27

Question 1

In extracellular fluid, the most abundant cation is ______

Answer 1

Na+ (sodium)

Question 2

Which of the following is a condition where blood PH is below 7.35?

Answer 2

Metabolic acidosis

Question 3

THE BODY USES ALDOSTERONE TO RETAIN SODIUM. THIS HORMONE HAS THE REVERSE EFFECT ON ANOTHER MINERAL OR COMPOUND. THIS MINERAL OR COMPOUND IS

Answer 3

POTASSIUM

Question 4

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS THE BODY’S COMPENSATORY MECHANISM FOR RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS ?

Answer 4

-INCREASED KIDNEY EXCRETION OF H+ AND INCREASED REABSORPTION OF BICARBONATE

Question 5

Severe hyperventilation can cause______

Answer 5

Respiratory alkalosis

Question 6

Which of the following is the most common cause of metabolic alkalosis ?

Answer 6

Vomiting

Question 7

Severe hypoventilation can cause _______

Answer 7

Respiratory acidosis

Question 8

Which condition may result in respiratory alkalosis?

Answer 8

Hyperventilation due to stress or pain

Question 9

Kidney failure can reduce the ability to eliminate acids. The resulting condition is called_______

Answer 9

Metabolic acidosis

Question 10

80% of all extracellular fluid is_______

Answer 10

Interstitial fluid

Question 11

YOUR PATIENT HAS A PH OF 7.25 AND A PCO2 OF 49 MMHG. WHAT IS THE DIAGNOSIS?

Answer 11

RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS

Question 12

Which of the following is used to promote NA+ reabsorption by the kidneys?

Answer 12

Aldosterone

Question 13

YOUR PATIENT HAS A PH OF 7.25 AND A PCO2 OF 40 MMHG. WHAT IS THE DIAGNOSIS?

Answer 13

METABOLIC ACIDOSIS

Question 14

In extracellular fluid the most abundant anion is ________

Answer 14

CL
(chloride)

Question 15

Which of the following is the body’s compensatory mechanism for metabolic acidosis?

Answer 15

Hyperventilation

Question 16

Your patient has a PH of 7.55 and a PC02 of 30MMHG. What is the diagnosis?

Answer 16

Respiratory alkalosis

Question 17

Persistent vomiting up if stomach acid or excessive intake of antacids could cause ______

Answer 17

Metabolic alkalosis

Question 18

Which imbalance results when systemic arterial blood CO2 levels raise to abnormal values and PH is less than 7.35?

Answer 18

Respiratory acidosis

Question 19

In intracellular fluid the most abundant cation is _______

Answer 19

K+ (potassium)

Question 20

Which of the following is the most abundant mineral in the body?

Answer 20

CA (calcium)

Question 21

How much body fluid in a female?
How much in a male?

Answer 21

55% female

60% male

Question 22

Amount of body fluid that is intracellular

Answer 22

2/3

Question 23

Amount of body fluid that is extracellular

Answer 23

1/3

Question 24

Amount of extracellular fluid that is blood plasma

Answer 24

20%