Chapter 27 Flashcards
Vulva Description
External genitalia
Vagina
Internal genitalia
HPV Vax
Only for girls/women age 9-26 who are not sexually active. Prevents Cervical Cancer.
Vestibule during female examination
You will see Urethral Meatus and Vaginal Orifice
Using Speculum during female examination
You will see the Cervix at the end of the Vaginal Canal
Uterus
Tilts forward and superior to the Bladder this makes it anteverted and anteflexed
Tanner Scale
- Preadolescent no pubic hair
- Growth sparse and on Labia
- Growth sparse and spreading over Mons Pubis
- Hair is adult but over smaller area
- Adult type and pattern hair, inverse triangle
Goodwill sign
Cervix softens at 4-7 weeks
Chadwick sign
Cervix looks cyanotic 8-12 weeks
Hargar sign
Uterus softens 6-8 weeks
Aging women
Uterine and Ovarian atrophy, Vaginal epithelium become thinner, dry, itchy
Decreased vaginal secretions
Vagina dry and intercourse can be painful
Gravida
Number of pregnancies’
Para
Number of births
Abortions
Number of interrupted pregnancies
Perimenopausal
Hormone imbalance; hot flashes, headaches, mood swings, drenching in sweat, vaginal dryness and itching
40-55 years of age
HRT side effects
Fluid retention, breast pain, vaginal bleeding
Amenorrhea
Absent menses
Menorrhagia
Heavy menses
Dysmenorrhea
Painful menses
Menopause
Cessation of menses
Normal cycle
Every 28 days
Stress incontinence
Involuntary urine loss; physical strain, sneeze, coughing
Urge incontinence
Involuntary urine loss; overactive detrusor muscle in bladder
Vaginal irritation
Antibiotics
Infertility
After 1 year of trying to conceive
STI
Transmitted vaginally, orally, or anal
Ask post menopausal women
If they have been bleeding, need referral
When doing an examination on a female patient
Make her comfortable by maintaining eye contact and elevate head
First exam; give a mirror so she can see what is going on and educate on examination
Pap Smear
Have patient to bear down, insert downward at a 45 degree angle toward the small of the woman’s back
Sequence of speculum examination
Speculum, bimanual, and rectovaginal
Before a Pap Smear
Avoid sex, douche within 24 hours or inserting anything into the Vagina
Nulliparous Woman
Cervix is small and round
