Chapter 26: WWI & Russian Revolution

Question 0

Dardanelles

Answer 0

vital strait connecting the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea in present-day Turkey; the Ottomans cut off Allied supply lines here after joining the Central Powers

Question 1

July 28, 1914

Answer 1

Austria declared war on Serbia

Question 2

Militarism

Answer 2

the glorification of the military

Question 3

Contraband

Answer 3

military supplies and raw materials needed to make military supplies

Question 4

V.I. Lenin

Answer 4

leader of the Bolsheviks; promoted socialism and communism

Question 5

Propaganda

Answer 5

the spreading of ideas to promote a cause or to damage an opposing cause

Question 6

Lusitania

Answer 6

passenger ship sunk by German U-boats with 128 Americans onboard; eventually led to Americans joining the war

Question 7

Who controlled Russia in 1917

Answer 7

Bolsheviks/Communists (overthrew provisional government in November)

Question 8

Stalemate

Answer 8

a deadlock in which neither side is able to defeat the other

Question 9

Technologies of WWI

Answer 9

machine gun, artillery gun, poison gas, tanks, airplanes, and submarines

Question 10

Armistice

Answer 10

an agreement to end fighting; cease-fire to negotiate peace

Question 11

Women in War

Answer 11

supported men from home; challenged the idea that women couldn’t handle demanding and dangerous jobs, helped them win the right to vote

Question 12

Fourteen Points

Answer 12

issued in January 1918: US President Wilson’s list of his terms for resolving this and future wars

Question 13

Postwar Europe (threats against peace)

Answer 13

Germany discontent with the Treaty of Versailles; mandates discontent

Question 14

Reparations

Answer 14

payments for war damage

Question 15

Neutrality

Answer 15

a policy of supporting neither side in a war

Question 16

United States (1917)

Answer 16

declared war on Germany

Question 17

Convoys

Answer 17

groups of merchant ships protected by warships

Question 18

Treaty of Versailles

Answer 18

ended war; blamed Germany for war and took away land; sparked deadlier war later

Question 19

Atrocity

Answer 19

a horrible act committed against innocent people

Question 20

Zeppelins

Answer 20

large gas-filled German balloons used to bomb the English coast

Question 21

Western Front

Answer 21

stalemate in trenches

Question 22

Conscription

Answer 22

“the draft”; required all young men to be ready for military or other service

Question 23

Arms Race

Answer 23

rivalry between Britain and Germany; built up navies

Question 24

League of Nations

Answer 24

based on the idea of collective security, 40 nations agreed to negotiate disputes instead of going to war; weakened by the loss of the US

Question 25

Result of the Russian Revolution

Answer 25

allowed socialism to come into power, but didn’t improve very much for the people; left Russia in chaos

Question 26

Bolsheviks

Answer 26

“majority”; socialists led by Lenin to set up a “dictatorship of the proletariat”

Question 27

Triple Entente

Answer 27

France, Russia, and Britain

Question 28

Mobilize

Answer 28

to prepare military forces for war

Question 29

Schlieffen Plan

Answer 29

so Germany could avoid a two-front war; invade Belgium, defeat France, swing over and defeat Russia

Question 30

Submarine (impact)

Answer 30

damaged the Allied side by sinking supply ships

Question 31

Francis Ferdinand

Answer 31

Austrian archduke whose assassination sparked WWI

Question 32

M - Militarism

Answer 32

glorification and growth of militaries to “avoid” future wars; ex. Britain and Germany building up navy

Question 33

A - Alliances

Answer 33

treaties between countries “just in case”; ex. Triple Alliance and Triple Entente

Question 34

I - Imperialism

Answer 34

attempt to extend control/power over others; ex. Austria-Hungary oppressing Serbia

Question 35

N - Nationalism

Answer 35

a strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one’s country, “We are way better than you”; ex. Russia’s identity with Slavic people, Germany proud of accomplishments (zero to hero quickly)