Chapter 26: Penicillins, Other Beta Lactams And Cephalosporins Flashcards
All antibiotics treat what?
Bacterial infections
What is any side effect of any antibiotics ?? (3)
Yeast infection
Diarrhea
Thrust
Can you get CDIFF On any antibiotic?
Notes
- though in the presentation, we should focus on the specific medications !
Yes
Anytime a patient is on an antibiotic, what’s the super important thing to teach them?
FINISH THEM?!
Why is finishing antibiotics so important?
And if they don’t?
To properly get rid of the infection
If not, it can spread more
Nursing implications for all antibiotic use
Before beginning therapy
- assess drug allergies
- renal/liver/cardiac function
- lab studies
Be sure to obtain thorough patient health history, including immune status
Assess for conditions that may be contraindications to antibiotics use or that may indicate cautions use
Assess for potential drug interactions
Do you stop taking antibiotic after feeling better for some usage time?
NO!! Keep going!!
Every antibiotic you give what do you want know about the patient? (3)
Drug medications
Allergies
Blood work
What is assessing for signs and symptoms of superinfection?? (5)
Fever
Perineal itching
Cough
Lethargy
Unusual discharge
If a patient who is immune comprised, what is normally the process for antibiotics?
Stronger medication
Or medication for a longer period of time
Why do we need to know some contraindications before antibiotics?
Some antibiotics are nephro toxic
So we don’t give to them for kidney problems
What groups of people would we consider doing cultures before giving antibiotic administration? (3)
Immunocompromised
Elderly
Childern
What does a culture tells us?
What antibiotics work
What is the pathogen
What antibiotics don’t work
What are the 3 most common effects of antibiotics?
Vomitting
Nausea
Diarrhea
All oral antibiotics are absorbed better if taken with at least??
6-8 ounces of water
Test question
What are you gonna do first before administration of antibiotics?
Cultures !!
If the antibiotic causes photosensitivity what do we tell the patient?
Put sunscreen so don’t burn
Most antibiotics don’t mind what? When absorption’s?
But what helps break down and helps absorption 10x more?
Most of them don’t mind food or empty stomach
Water!! Helps easier breakdown
What is bacteriostatic drugs?
Inhibits growth of bacteria
( stops spreading )
What is bactericidal drugs?
Kills the bacteria
What are some body defenses? (6)
Age
Nutrition
Immunoglobulins
Circulation
WBCS
Organ function
Why does age affect body defenses?
Think about kids
They aren’t fully develop
We use their weight to determine dosage and which type of medication
Since their blood brain barrier isn’t fully develop, the war drugs will cross the blood brain barrier
And if you’re older, you may be on more medications and it can cause interactions
And organs slow down
How does nutrition play a part in helping antibiotics?
Some medications bind to medication
Like tetracycline binds to calcium
So it gets rid of you calcium!!
Think of protein bound
How does immunoglobulins work in antibiotics?
Some patients make not tolerate or simply work!
How does circulation work for antibiotics?
If the patient doesn’t have enough blood flow, the antibiotic may not reach the entire body
Example
Patient may have osteomyelitis ( infection of bone )
- because blood isn’t good enough flow
- which means we give IV
Why is antibiotic resistance the biggest thing to worry ?
Because people stop taking the medication and the bacteria start to gain resistance
Or the bacteria evaluation
What is inherent resistance?
Naturally resistant
What is acquired resistance?
Previous exposure
Antibiotics treat viral infections?
Nope
What are the 3 most common pathogens that are resistant ?
MRSA
VREF
VRSA
What are the 3 antibiotic misuse?
Taken for antiviral
When no infection
Skipping doses
Increase misuse resistance
What is cross resistance?
Give me an example?
Can occur between antibacterial drugs with similar drugs
Penicillin allergy increased chances of cephalosporins allergy too!
Or resistance !