chapter 26: Bleeding Flashcards
The Largest Artery
Aorta
The Largest Vein
Vena Cava
How long can the Lungs survive without oxygen?
4-6 minutes
How long can the Spinal Cord and Brain survive without oxygen?
4-6 minutes
How long can the Kidneys survive without oxygen?
45 minutes
How long can the Skeletal Muscle survive without oxygen?
2-3 hours
How long can the Gastrointestinal tract survive without oxygen?
several hours
How much blood does a Male’s body contain?
70 ml per kilo of body weight
How much blood does a Female’s body contain?
65 ml per kilo of body weight
Hemorrhage
Bleeding
How much blood loss will the body tolerate?
Body will not tolerate an acute blood loss greater than 20% of blood volume
changes with significant blood loss in vitals
increased heart rate
increased respiratory rate
decrease in blood pressure
serious conditions of blood loss
signs and symptoms of shock
rapid blood loss
uncontrollable
bleeding
significant blood loss
poor general appearance and is calm
Arterial bleeding
pressure causes blood to spurt and makes bleeding difficult to control, typically brighter red and goes with pulse
Venous bleeding
Dark red blood, flows slowly or rapidly depending on vein size. Does not spurt and is typically easier to manage
Capillary bleeding
Bleeding from damaged capillary vessels. Dark red and oozes steadily but slowly
Coagulation
A clot forms, plugging the hole and sealing the injured portions of the blood vessel
Vasoconstriction
the cut end of the vessel starts to narrow and reduces bleeding
Typically how long does bleeding take to stop?
10 minutes
Hemophilia
Inability to clot ones own blood
Why is Internal Bleeding serious?
Cannot be easily detected immediately Can cause Hypovolemic shock
possible causes for internal bleeding =
stomach ulcer
lacerated liver
ruptured spleen
broken bones
Internal bleeding =
High- energy MOI ( should increase index of suspicion)
When is internal bleeding possible during an MOI?
Blunt trauma
penetrating trauma ( not always caused by trauma
